中国人获得感的结构研究

The Structure of Chinese Sense of Gain

获得感是一个具有心理内涵与时代特色的新生概念。为了探究获得感的结构内涵,通过自由联想法形成量表的初始项目,先后进行两次预测并根据结果修订量表。然后对量表进行正式施测并检验其信效度,同时采用中文版生活满意度量表和幸福倾向量表进行效标效度检验。结果显示,中国人的获得感是个体对获取自身需求满足的内容、实现途径与所需条件的认知评价以及在此过程中的心理体验,包括获得体验、获得环境、获得内容、获得途径和获得分享五个维度。信效度分析表明,编制的中国人获得感量表符合心理测量学的标准,可用于相关的社会心理研究与应用。

Sense of Gain is a new concept with psychological connotation and distinct era characteristic.In order to explore the structure and connotation of Sense of Gain,the initial items of the scale were formed by free association,and then after two forecasts the scale was revised through project analysis and factor analysis.Then the formal scale was applied to test the reliability and validity,meanwhile the Satisfaction With Life Scale(SWLS)and the Orientations to Happiness Scale(OHS)were used to test its criterion validity.The results show that the sense of gain in Chinese refers to the individual’s cognitive evaluation of the content,realization approach and required conditions of obtaining their own needs and the psychological experience in the process,including the five dimensions of gaining experience,gaining environment,gaining content,gaining way and sharing.The Sense of Gain Scale(including 28 items)has satisfactory validity and reliability,and achieved the standard of psychometrics,which can be used in both social psychology research and practice.