城市水下特长隧道弯道驾驶人扫视行为研究

Research on saccade behavior of drivers in extra-long urban underwater tunnel curves

为探求在城市水下特长隧道弯道路段行驶过程中驾驶人扫视行为的变化特点,以扫视角为主要参数,在武汉东湖隧道内不同弯道和直线段开展实车试验,通过注视点分布范围、水平视角、通视距离的变化分析扫视行为;在特性分析中,以离均系数为指标研究不同弯道内扫视角的变化特征。结果表明:驾驶人在水下特长隧道不同线形路段行车过程中以小角度扫视为主,半径400、680、1 000 m的弯道及直线段的离均系数分别为2. 876、4. 545、5. 010、6. 324,即随着弯道曲率的减小,驾驶人扫视角的中值、均值、变化范围逐渐变大,驾驶人的扫视范围更大、心理压力更小、行车安全性更佳。

In order to explore the changing characteristics of driver's saccade behavior when driving in the extra-longurban underwater tunnel curves,the saccade angle was taken as the main research object and the actual vehicle test was carried out in different curves and straight sections of East Lake tunnel in Wuhan.Saccade behavior was analyzed by considering the variation of the fixation distribution,horizontal viewing angle and visual distance.In the characteristic analysis,the variation characteristics of saccade angle in different curves were studied with the mean absolute deviation as the evaluation index.The results show that the main saccade angle of drivers is small when driving in different alignments of extra-long underwater tunnel,that the mean absolute deviations of radius 400,680,1000 m and straight section are 2.876,4.545,5.010 and 6.324 respectively,and that with the decrease of the curvature of the curve,the median,mean,and range of change of the driver's saccade angle become larger,the driver's saccade range is wider,the psychological pressure is smaller,and driving becomes safer.