河北省小麦品种基于SNP标记的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Wheat Varieties in Hebei Province Based on Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism

为明确河北省小麦品种的遗传多样性,以143份小麦品种为材料,利用小麦90K基因芯片分型数据,分析其亲缘关系与遗传多样性。结果表明:质量控制后具有多态性的SNP (24 758个)占基因分型后SNP(81 587个)的30.34%,多态性SNP标记在染色体组分布不均,其中B基因组最多,D基因组最少,平均遗传距离为0.17 cM。群体结构分析将143份小麦材料分为3个亚群,且3个亚群间基因交流密切。143份小麦品种两两间的遗传相似系数变幅为0.437 6~0.996 8,平均值为0.601 8,主要分布于0.52~0.73之间,占89.23%(8 932/10 010)。根据遗传相似系数,以K-均值聚类方法将143份小麦品种(品系)分为5个亚群。本研究揭示了河北省小麦品种的亲缘关系与遗传多样性,为育种家杂交亲本选配提供了依据。

In order to identify the genetic diversity of wheat cultivars in Hebei Province, 143 wheat cultivars were used to analyze the genetic relationship and genetic diversity based on the 90 K gene chip data. The results showed that 24 758 SNPs of polymorphism after quality controlled accounted for 30.34% of 81 587 SNPs genotyped. The SNPs markers of polymorphism were unevenly distributed in the genome, with the highest in genome B, the lowest in genome D and the average genetic distance of 0.17 cM. The analysis of population structure divided 143 wheat cultivars into 3 sub-groups, which genes exchange were close. The genetic similarity of 143 wheat cultivars ranged from 0.437 6 to 0.996 8 with an average of 0.601 8, and mainly distributed between 0.52 and 0.73 accounting for89.23%(8 932/10 010). The 143 wheat varieties can be divided into 5 sub-groups by K-means clustering method. In this study, the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of wheat varieties in Hebei Province were revealed in detail, which provided a basis for the breeding of breeders.