城市轨道交通站点网络结构综合重要度识别

Identification of Comprehensive Importance of Urban Rail Transit Stations in Network Structure

研究目的:为识别城市轨道交通站点在网络拓扑结构中的综合重要度,分别用复杂网络中节点的度中心性、接近中心性和介数中心性描述车站在线网中与其他车站的直接关联性、联系的便捷性以及在其他车站间联系中的桥接作用,从三个维度建立车站在网络拓扑结构中的重要度指标;为减少主、客观综合评价结果的差异性,兼顾评价方法的功能驱动与差异驱动的特点,基于主客观集成赋权法建立站点的综合重要度模型。研究结论:通过分析北京地铁线网中站点的中心性分布,并对全网站点的综合重要度进行识别,发现:(1)中心性高的站点多分布于功能核心区及中心城办公、商业密集区内;(2)环型结构线路上站点的中心性均值最高,棋盘型线路次之,而放射型线路最低;(3)综合重要度大于0.05的站点服务区域涵盖了城市中央商务区、高新技术核心区、综合枢纽等重要开发区域,表明总体上站点综合重要度分布与北京城市区位关系相吻合;(4)本研究成果可为轨道交通站点与城市区位关系的匹配性规划、围绕重要站点进行的一体化开发等提供一定的参考。

Research purposes:In order to identify the comprehensive importance of urban rail transit stations in network topology,the degree centrality,closeness centrality and betweenness centrality of the nodes in complex network are used to describe the structural importance of stations from three dimensions:the direct relevance with other stations,the convenience of connection with other stations,and the bridging function in the connection between other stations.In order to reduce the difference between subjective and objective comprehensive evaluation results,and considering both the function-driven and differential-driven characteristics of evaluation methods,the comprehensive importance evaluation model based on subjective and objective integrated weighting method is formulated.Research conclusions:By analyzing the centralities and identifying the comprehensive importance of the stations in Beijing subway network,it is found that:(1)The stations with high centralities are mostly distributed in the functional core area and the dense area for office and commerce in the urban central district;(2)The centralities of the stations on the line of ring type is the highest,the checkerboard type is the second,and the radial type is the lowest;(3)The most important development areas,such as urban central business district,high-tech core area and comprehensive hub,are covered by the service area of stations with comprehensive importance greater than 0.05,which shows that the comprehensive importance distribution of the stations is consistent with the location relationship of Beijing;(4)The research results can provide references for the matching planning between rail transit stations and urban location and the integrated development around important stations.