摘要
Background and aims:The holistic definition of health is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity,but a state of complete physical,mental,and social well-being.However,related research on the influencing factor of self-rated health and happiness have generally remained separate.Therefore,this study aimed to 1)find individual level determinants of the two facets of health;and 2)investigate the covariance of the two facets of health within individual levels.Methods:Multivariate multilevel analysis of self-rated health and happiness at level 1,were nested within 10,968 people at level 2.Data were obtained from the 2015 Chinese General Social Survey.Results:Lower happiness and self-rated health were found in 1)females;2)the elderly;3)people with a lower educational level;4)people who were presently single;5)people with a lower self-rated economic status;6)people who resided in urban areas;and 7)people with sedentary lifestyles as compared to those in other categories of the same variable.After adjusting the related individual level determinants,the correlation coefficient of two facets of health at the individual level is 0.19,which indicates that no robust covariance was observed.Conclusions:The current study indicates the existence of disparity in the subjective physical and psychological dimensions of health among the elderly in China.Our findings emphasize the importance of paying attention to different aspects of health simultaneously in investigations and the benefits of leisure time activities.
背景和目的:健康的整体定义不仅是没有疾病或身体强壮,还在于身体,精神和社交全面的幸福状态。然而有关自我健康评估和幸福感影响因素的相关研究总体上仍是分开的。因此,本研究旨在:1)找出健康的两个方面的个体水平决定因素;2)研究个人健康的两个方面水平的协方差。方法:对自评健康和幸福水平为1级的10968人进行了多变量多水平分析。数据来源于2015年中国社会综合调查。结果:研究发现在以下几类人中幸福感和健康水平较低。1)女人;2)老人;3)文化程度较低的人;4)目前单身的人;5)个人经济地位较低的人;6)居住在市区的人;7)与其他变量相同类别的人相比,生活方式较为保守的人。调整相关的个体水平决定因素后,个体水平上两个健康层面的相关系数为0.19,说明未观察到稳健的协方差。结论:本研究表明我国老年人在健康的主观生理和心理维度上存在差异。我们的调查结果强调了在调查中同时关注健康的不同方面以及休闲活动的好处的重要性。
