随焊振动对高强钢焊缝组织和性能的影响研究

Effect of Welding Vibration on Microstructure and Properties of Weld Seam of High Strength Steel

高强钢的焊接容易产生冷裂纹,细化晶粒可改善组织的塑韧性,能在一定程度上抑制焊接冷裂纹,因此可以在焊接过程中加入振动。电弧产生的机械振动对熔池可形成搅拌振荡作用,达到细化晶粒的效果,由此改善焊件微观组织及性能。试验结果显示:焊接过程中加入振动可以明显改善焊接表面形貌,使金属内部晶粒发生细化,焊缝区域硬度与钨极氩弧焊相比也有明显提高。因此,在焊接过程中加入振动可以明显减少高强钢焊接冷裂纹的出现,提升焊后焊缝组织性能。

The welding of high-strength steel is prone to cold cracking, and refining the grains can improve the plastic toughness of the structure, thereby suppressing the welding cold crack to some extent, so vibration is added in the welding process. The mechanical vibration of the arc creates a stirring and oscillating action on the molten pool to achieve the effect of refining the grains, thereby improving the microstructure and properties of weld seam. Experimental results show that adding vibration during the welding process can significantly improve the surface morphology of the weld, and the grain inside the metal is refined. The hardness of the weld zone is also significantly improved compared with the conventional tungsten argon arc welding. It is proved that the addition of vibration during the welding process can significantly suppress the occurrence of cold cracks in high-strength steel and improve the microstructure of welds after welding.