长期施肥对褐土有效铜、有效锌时空分布特征的影响

Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characterisitc of Availability Cu and Zn in Cinnamon Soil

通过对长期试验1992年基础土样以及1996,2001,2006,2011,2016年各施肥处理的0~40 cm土样和2018年0~100 cm土样有效Cu、有效Zn含量的分析测定,研究长期施肥对褐土土壤有效Cu、有效Zn含量时空分布特征的影响。结果表明,与1992年基础土样相比,2018年不施肥及氮磷化肥配施处理0~20 cm土层有效Cu含量有所降低,有机无机肥配施及单施高量有机肥处理随着有机肥施入量的增加0~20 cm土层有效Cu含量由降低转变为升高;与不施肥处理相比,氮磷化肥配施对0~20 cm土壤有效Cu含量影响较小,有机无机肥配施及单施高量有机肥可提高0~20 cm土壤有效Cu含量;与1992年基础土样相比,2018年不施肥及氮磷化肥配施处理0~20 cm土层有效Zn含量变化幅度较小,有机无机肥配施及单施高量有机肥处理0~20 cm土层有效Zn含量均有较大幅度提升;氮磷化肥配施处理0~20 cm土层有效Zn含量与不施肥处理相比差异性较小,有机无机肥配施及单施高量有机肥可提高0~20 cm土层有效Zn含量。在2018年0~100 cm土层剖面上,长期施肥对0~60 cm土层有效Cu含量影响较大,对60~100 cm土层影响不明显;氮磷化肥配施有效Cu含量的剖面分布规律与不施肥处理相似;有机无机肥配施及单施高量有机肥处理有效Cu含量在0~60 cm土层有较大幅度提升。在2018年0~100 cm土层剖面上,长期施肥对0~20 cm土层有效Zn含量影响较大,对20~100 cm深层土壤影响较小;与不施肥处理相比,氮磷化肥配施0~20 cm有效Zn含量有降低的趋势;有机无机肥配施及单施高量有机肥处理0~20 cm土层有效Zn含量上升幅度较大,且随着有机肥施入量的增加显著增加。

The effects of long-term fertilization on the spatial and temporal distribution of available Cu and Zn in cinnamon soil were explored by analyzing available Cu and Zn content of the foundation soil samples in 1992,soil samples of 0-40 cm under different fertilization treatments in 1996,2001,2006,2011,2016 and soil samples of 0-100 cm in 2018 in a long-term test.The results showed that compared with the basic soil samples in 1992,the available Cu content in soil layer of 0-20 cm reduced in treatments of non-fertilization and nitrogen-phosphorus combined chemical fertilizers in 2018.The available Cu content in 0-20 cm soil layer changed from decreasing to increasing with the organic fertilizer application increased in treatments of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and application of high-quantity organic fertilizer.Compared with no fertilization treatment,the combined application of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers had little effect on the available Cu content in soil of 0-20 cm.The available Cu content in soil of 0-20 cm increased by combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and application of high-quantity organic fertilizers.Compared with the basic soil samples in 1992,the change of available Zn content of the 0-20 cm soil layer was slight under treatments of non-fertilization and nitrogen-phosphorus combined chemical fertilizers in 2018,while it increased significantly under treatments of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and high-quantity application of organic fertilizers.The available Zn content of 0-20 cm soil layer with application of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers was less variable than non-fertilization treatment.The combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers and high-quantity application of organic fertilizer could increase the effective Zn content in 0-20 cm soil layer.Among the soil layer profile of 0-100 cm in 2018,long-term fertilization had a significant effect on the available Cu content in soil layers of 0-60 cm,while no obvious effect on soil layer of 60-100 cm.The distribution rule of available Cu content in soil profile with application of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers was similar to that of no fertilization treatment.The available Cu content increased greatly in the soil layers of 0-60 cm with application of organic and inorganic fertilizer and single application of high-quantity organic fertilizer.Among the soil layer profile of 0-100 cm in 2018,long-term fertilization had a great influence on the available Zn content in soil layer of 0-20 cm,while it had little effect on deep soil of 20-100 cm.There was a decreasing trend in available Zn content in soil layer of 0-20 cm with application of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers compared with non-fertilization treatment.The available Zn content of 0-20 cm increased by organic and inorganic fertilizer application and high-quantity application of organic fertilizer,and it increased significantly with the increase of organic fertilizer.