中国社会企业的生成逻辑

The Emergence Logic of Social Enterprise in China

中国社会企业的生成经历了国营单位、福利企业、非营利组织、企业社会责任、社会企业等不同历史阶段,其产生是国家、市场和社会三方互动的历史结果。儒家义利兼顾思想是中国社会企业产生的思想根基,单位办社会体制和政府隐性期待是制度基础,西方社会企业理念传播和中国市民社会发育奠定了参与基础,社会创业的大规模涌现是直接市场条件。中国社会企业具有义利兼顾、机会导向和变通参与等不同于西方社会企业的本质特征。

The emergence of social enterprise in China has experienced different historical stages such as state-owned danweiorganization, welfare factory, non-profit organization, corporate social responsibility, and social enterprise, and its emergence is the historical result of the interaction and adjustment among nation,market and society. Confucianism’s thought of giving consideration to both righteousness and interests is the ideological foundation for the emergence of social enterprise in China;unit-run social system andimplicit expectation of the government are the institutional foundation;the dissemination of western social enterprise concept and the development of Chinese civil society lays a foundation for participation;largescale emergence of social entrepreneurship is its direct market condition. Social enterprise in Chinahasits distinct characteristicssuch as giving consideration to both righteousness and interests, opportunity orientation and flexible participation, which are different from those of social enterprises in Western.