新中国七十年大陆文化研究的演进逻辑及其反思

On the Evolution Logic and Reflection of Chinese Mainland Cultural Research during the 70 Years of the P.R.China

回顾新中国七十年大陆文化研究的发展历程,以1990年代中期以伯明翰学派为代表的英国文化研究传入为界,大致可分为两个阶段:在这之前的文化研究主要聚焦于研究传统经典文本或中西文化思维比较之类问题,对文化持有一种精英主义态度;之后转向于主要研究大众文化和大众社会,将文化视为一种平民百姓的日常生活方式。这种转向实际暗含着学术范式的转换,从中彰显出大陆文化研究者因应中国社会急剧转型:一方面悲壮地与过去陈旧认知框架和话语方式告别,致力于寻求触摸和把握当今中国的具体现实情状;另一方面他们不断将当下情势"问题化",勾勒描述出了当代中国新的文化地形图,并在知识实践领域发起了一场真正的"行动",从而敞显了想象现实的多种可能性。

Looking back on the development of Chinese Mainland cultural research during the 70 years of the P.R.China,bounded by the mid-1990 s,we can roughly divided it into two phases:Before English Cultural Studies has not come in Chinese Mainland,cultural research mainly focus on such issues as the study of traditional classical texts or the comparison of Chinese and Western cultural thinking and the cultural researchers hold an elite attitude toward culture.At a later phase,cultural research has turned to focus on popular culture and mass society and the cultural researchers regard culture as a daily lifestyle of ordinary people.This cultural turn actually implies academic paradigm shift and demonstrates that in order to cope with the rapid transformation of Chinese society.Chinese Mainland cultural researchers on the one hand sadly bid farewell to the old cognitive framework and discourse mode in the past and seek to touch and grasp the concrete realities of today’s China,on the other hand they are constantly"problematizing"the present situation and mapping a new cultural map of contemporary China,besides they launched a real"act"in the area of knowledge practice and thus opened up a variety of possibilities of imaging reality.