我国输配电事前定价的合理性及配套政策研究

Research on Reasonability and Supporting Policies of Ex Ante Pricing on China’s Transmission and Distribution Networks

目前我国输配电价首个监管期尚未结束,实践部门和理论界对后续改革实行事前定价还是事后定价存在不同观点。本文首先从理论上对比分析了事前定价和事后定价的特点、监管难点、所需方法等方面的内容。其次,基于输配电价改革的相关政策文本,归纳了我国目前采用的“成本加成管制+事前定价”监管框架的具体措施。再次,从我国电网投资需求趋势和国际实践经验两个方面分析认为继续采用事前定价具有较强的合理性。最后,提出了完善事前定价机制的配套政策,包括科学的投资预测和审核制度、激励和约束兼容的不确定调整机制、投资效率评估及奖惩机制等。

At present,China's power transmission and distribution prices are still under reform,and the first regulation period has not yet ended.Both regulative and theoretical levels have different views on whether to implement ex ante pricing or ex post pricing.This paper firstly analyzes the characteristics,regulatory difficulties,and methods needed forex ante andex postpricing.Secondly,based on the relevant policy texts of power transmission and distribution price reform,the specific measures of"cost plus control+ex ante pricing"regulatory framework currently adopted in China are summarized.Then,from the perspective of China's power grid investment demand trend and international practical experience,it is considered that the continued adoption of ex ante pricing has strongreasonability.Finally,this paper puts forward some supporting policies to improve ex ante pricing system,including scientific investment forecasting and auditing system,incentive-constraintcompatiblemechanismfor uncertainty adjustment,investment efficiency evaluationand reward and punishment mechanism.