球轴承接触疲劳寿命预估的损伤力学-有限元法

Damage mechanics-finite element method for contact fatigue life prediction of ball bearings

以线弹性力学及连续损伤力学为基础,构建球轴承接触疲劳的损伤演化方程。利用轴承钢GCr15扭转疲劳试验数据拟合得到损伤演化方程中的材质参数。通过该方程预估轴承钢GCr15的扭转疲劳寿命,其结果与试验数据吻合。采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件仿真得到6206球轴承的接触应力分布并分析了6206球轴承最大接触应力区。根据6206球轴承的载荷及应力应变状态将最大接触应力区简化为二维平面应力模型。在此基础上预估了6206球轴承的接触疲劳寿命。设计并进行了6206球轴承疲劳强化试验。轴承接触疲劳剥落都萌生于内圈,与应力仿真分析结果相契合。三个试验轴承的试验与预估接触疲劳寿命的相对误差分别为29.52%、3.03%和51.16%,验证了接触疲劳寿命预估方法的有效性。研究表明采用损伤力学预估球轴承的接触疲劳寿命是工程中可行且实用的方法。

Based on linear elastic mechanics and continuous damage mechanics,the damage evolution equation of ball bearing contact fatigue was constructed.The material parameters in the damage evolution equation were obtained by fitting the GCr15 bearing steel torsional fatigue test data.The torsional fatigue life of GCr15 bearing steel was estimated by this equation,and the results were in agreement with the test data.The contact stress distribution of 6206 ball bearing was simulated by ABAQUS finite element analysis software and the maximum contact stress area of 6206 ball bearing was analyzed.The maximum stress contact area was simplified to a two-dimensional plane stress model according to the load and stress-strain state of the 6206 ball bearing.Based on this,the contact fatigue life of 6206 ball bearings was estimated.The 6206 ball bearing fatigue acceleration test was designed and carried out.Bearing contact fatigue spalling was initiated in the inner ring,which was consistent with the results of stress simulation analysis.The relative errors of test and predicted contact fatigue life of the three test bearings were29.52%,3.03%and 51.16%respectively,verifying the validity of the contact fatigue life prediction method.This research shows that using the damage mechanics to predict the contact fatigue life of ball bearings is a feasible and practical method in engineering.