系统功能视角下的词组类型研究:以英汉为例

A Systemic Functional Study of Group Types:Taking English and Chinese as an Example

系统功能学界对词组类型的划分主要存在以悉尼语法和加的夫语法为代表的两类观点。通过对两者的考察,本文发现加的夫语法以其意义贯彻的充分性及语法描述的简洁性在词组描写中有一定优势,但在某些词组类型的描述上也存在不妥。鉴于此,本文秉承“以意义为中心,形式体现意义”的功能描述思想,以加的夫语法对词组类型的描述为基础,以悉尼语法对个别词组的处理为借鉴,将英汉词组类型重新整理并划分为名词词组(包括字符串)、性质词组、数量词组、连词词组、介词词组以及与词组位于同一层级的介词短语。新的划分保留了词组与短语之分,取消了素有争议的动词词组这一类别,并对原有的词组类型进行了有效的合并与细化。

In Systemic Functional Grammar,there are mainly two views about group types,which are respectively presented by the Sydney Grammar and the Cardiff Grammar.Through an investigation of the two models,the Cardiff Grammar is found having more advantages in describing groups owing to its succinctness in semantic orientation and conciseness in grammar description.However,there also remain some inadequacies in dealing with certain group types in the Cardiff Grammar.In view of this,this paper adheres to the principle of“meaning is primary and form realizes meaning”,and reclassifies the English and Chinese groups into the nominal group(including clusters),quality group,quantity group,conjunction group,prepositional group and prepositional phrase at the same rank.This new classification of groups is primarily based on the Cardiff Grammar and partly draws upon the Sydney Grammar,retaining the distinction between group and phrase,disposing of the controversial category of verbal group,and effectively merges and specifies the original group types.