高速风洞3D打印金属模型制造与试验

Manufacturing and Experimental Research of 3D Printing Metal Model for High Speed Wind Tunnel

风洞试验金属模型是飞行器开展高速风洞试验的重要载体,对模型制造表面粗糙度、强度和刚度性能、制造效率等要求高。金属3D打印技术已经在航空航天、医疗等领域得到了广泛的应用,其技术逐步成熟,且具有传统机械加工所不具备的特殊优势,因此,在高速风洞试验金属模型制造中具有广泛的应用前景。为促进金属3D打印技术在高速风洞试验中的应用,针对高速风洞金属模型制造的特殊要求,基于金属3D打印技术开展了高速风洞试验模型制造和性能测试研究,包括30CrMnSiA金属材料粉末制备、试件性能测试、模型流固耦合分析、基于高速风洞试验的中空模型设计和3D打印制造等,并在高速风洞中开展了验证试验,结果表明3D打印的高速风洞金属模型能够满足风洞试验要求,并成功应用于多项高速风洞试验金属模型3D打印制造。通过该研究,成功突破了金属粉末制造、模型强度刚度性能和表面粗糙度保证、3D打印风洞试验金属模型设计等关键技术,成功实现了金属3D打印技术在高速风洞试验中的应用。

The metal model of wind tunnel test is important carrier of high-speed wind tunnel test for aircraft, which requires high surface roughness, strength and stiffness performance, manufacturing efficiency and so on. Metal 3D printing technology has been widely used in aerospace, medical and other fields, this technology is gradually mature, and has the special advantages of traditional machining, so, It has wide application prospect in high speed wind tunnel test metal model manufacturing. In order to promote the application of 3D printing technology in high speed wind tunnel Test. According to the special requirements of metal model manufacturing in high speed wind tunnel, the manufacturing and performance testing of high speed wind tunnel test model is carried out based on metal 3D printing technology, including 30 CrMnSiA metal material powder preparation, a test piece performance test, a model fluid-solid coupling analysis, a hollow model design based on a high-speed wind tunnel test, and a 3D printing manufacturing and so on. The verification test is carried out in high speed wind tunnel. The results show that the 3D printing metal model of high speed wind tunnel can meet the requirements of wind tunnel test. It has been successfully applied to 3D printing of metal models in high speed wind tunnel tests. Through this research, the key technologies such as metal powder manufacturing, model strength and stiffness performance and surface roughness guarantee, 3D printing wind tunnel test metal model design and other key technologies have been successfully broken through, and the application of metal 3D printing technology in high speed wind tunnel has been successfully realized.