2010-2017年江苏省连云港市风疹流行特征分析

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Lianyungang City,Jiangsu Province from 2010 to 2017

目的了解2010-2017年连云港市风疹发病疫情特征,为预防控制风疹提供参考依据。方法收集2010-2017年连云港市风疹发病资料,对其进行描述流行病学分析。结果2010-2017年连云港市共报告风疹病例142例,发病时间集中于3~6月,占60.56%。男性多于女性,性别比1.54∶1。高发年龄组为8月~4岁组,占31.69%,≥15岁组占38.03%。职业以散居儿童、学生为主,分别占40.14%、30.99%。无免疫史病例和免疫史不详病例中均以15岁及以上人群为主,分别占44.00%、82.50%。暴发疫情一起,报告病例11例,占7.75%。结论纳入麻疹监测系统管理后,连云港市风疹发病呈先上升后迅速下降趋势。今后应进一步提高适龄儿童含风疹成分疫苗接种率和接种及时率;加强监测和疫情处置,防范风疹在学校等集体单位人群中暴发。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella from 2010 to 2017 and to provide reference for prevention and control of rubella.Methods The incidence data of rubella in Lianyungang City from 2010 to 2017 was collected and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiology.Results From 2010 to 2017,142 cases of rubella were reported in Lianyungang City,and the incidence time was mainly from march to June,accounting for 60.56%.There were more males than females,with a sex ratio of 1.54∶1.The age group with high incidence was from 8 months to 4 years old,accounting for 31.69%,and the age group over 15 years old accounted for 38.03%.The main occupations were scattered inhabiting children and students,accounting for 40.14%and 30.99%,respectively.The patients with no history of immunization and those with unknown history of immunization were mainly aged 15 and above,accounting for 44.00%and 82.50%,respectively.There was an outbreak,accounting for 7.75%(11 cases).Conclusion The incidence of rubella in Lianyungang increased first,and then decreased rapidly after included in Measles Surveillance System.Coverage and timely rate of inoculation for vaccination contained rubella at proper age should be enhanced;surveillance and handling epidemic situation should be strengthened,so as to provide outbreaks on rubella in schools and other collective units.