2010—2017年云南省微生物性食源性疾病流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of microbial foodborne disease in Yunnan Province from 2010-2017

目的 了解2010-2017年云南省微生物性食源性疾病的发生趋势和流行病学特征,为预防和控制微生物性食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法 对2010-2017年通过“食源性疾病暴发报告系统”上报的218起微生物性食源性疾病事件进行整理分析。结果 2010-2017年云南省通过“食源性疾病暴发监测系统”共报告微生物性食源性疾病事件218起,发病8 497人,死亡20人,罹患率为15.8%,病死率为0.2%。二、三季度为报告发病起数和发病人数的高发季节,分别占报告总数的67.4%和85.0%,肉与肉制品是发生微生物性食源性疾病最主要的原因食品,发病起数和发病人数分别占报告总数的38.5%和34.9%,米面及其制品是微生物性食源性疾病发生死亡的主要原因食品,占报告死亡总数的65.0%。沙门菌是微生物性食源性疾病最主要的致病因素,报告起数、发病人数分别占报告总数的33.5%和41.2%,椰毒假单胞菌是微生物性食源性疾病发生死亡的主要致病因素,占报告死亡总数的65.0%。原料污染或变质、加工不当、存储不当是引发事件的主要原因。结论 微生物性食源性疾病是云南省危害较为严重的公共卫生问题,应采取有效措施对高发季节、地区、场所进行重点监测和管理。

Objective To find out the trend and epidemiological characteristics of microbial foodborne diseases in Yunnan Province from 2010-2017,provide scientific basis for control and prevention of microbial foodborne diseases.Methods The data of 218 microbial foodborne disease events reported by the foodborne disease outbreak reporting system from 2010-2017 were analyzed.Results A total of 218 microbial foodborne disease events in Yunnan Province from 2010-2017 were reported by the foodborne disease outbreak reporting system,including 8497 patients and 20 deaths,and the morbidity and mortality were 15.8%and 0.2%respectively.The number of events and cases reached in the second and third quarters,accounting for 67.4%and 85.0%of total number respectively.Meat and meat products were the main causes of microbial foodborne diseases,and the number of events and cases accounted for 38.5%and 34.9%of the total number,respectively.Rice and flour and their products were the main causes of death from microbial foodborne diseases,accounting for 65.0%of the total reported deaths.Salmonella was the main pathogenic factor of microbial foodborne diseases,accounting for 33.5%and 41.2%of the total reported events and cases,respectively.Pseudomonas coconitidis was the main cause of death from microbial foodborne diseases,accounting for 65.0%of the total reported deaths.Contamination or deterioration of raw materials,improper processing and improper storage were the main causes of events.Conclusion Microbial foodborne disease is a serious public health event in Yunnan Province.Effective measures should be taken to focus on monitoring and management of high-incidence seasons,areas and places.