施万细胞在糖尿病周围神经病变中的病理作用研究进展

Research progress in role of Schwann cells in diabetic peripheral neuropathy

糖尿病是一种全球性的流行病,与之相关的周围神经并发症给患者和整个社会带来沉重负担。由于缺乏有效的治疗方法,迫切需要阐明糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的发病机制。施万细胞为轴突提供代谢支持,调节神经损伤反应。慢性高血糖通过多元醇通路、糖基化终末产物及其受体、脂代谢紊乱、细胞因子、趋化因子等途径破坏施万细胞结构及功能,破坏轴突-胶质细胞通讯,使神经稳态失调。本文对施万细胞在DPN发病和进展中的作用研究现状进行综述。

Diabetes is a global epidemic,and its associated peripheral nerve complications impose a heavy burden on patients and the whole society.Because of the lack of effective treatment,it is urgent to elucidate the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN).Schwann cells provide metabolic support for axons and regulate nerve injury responses.Chronic hyperglycemia damages the structure and function of schwann cells,destroys axon-glial cell communication,and causes neurological homeostasis disorder through polyol pathway,advanced glycation end products and their receptors,lipid metabolism disorders,cytokines,chemokines and other pathways.The paper reviews the role of Schwann cells in the pathogenesis and progress of DPN.