广东省佛山市家禽生鲜上市政策实施效果评估

Effect evaluation on the implementation of fresh poultry listing and marketing policy in Foshan City of Guangdong

目的分析评价佛山市家禽生鲜上市政策实施效果,为调整和优化全市人感染H7N9禽流感防控策略提供依据。方法 2016年11月~2017年3月,抽取活禽交易限制区农贸市场(以下简称限制区市场)、非活禽交易限制区农贸市场(以下简称非限制区市场)各两家,每月采集市场环境标本进行H7亚型禽流感病毒核酸(以下简称H7亚型)检测,并对限制区和非限制区分析比较实施生鲜上市政策前后人感染H7N9禽流感发病率的差异。结果采集限制区和非限制区市场环境标本各120份。限制区市场H7亚型阳性率(5. 8%,7/120)低于非限制区市场(15. 8%,19/120)(χ^2=6. 221,P <0. 05)。限制区2016年11~12月市场H7亚型阳性率(0. 0%,0/60)低于2017年1~3月(11. 7%,7/60)(χ^2=5. 461,P <0. 05);非限制区2016年11~12月市场H7亚型阳性率(1. 7%,1/60)低于2017年1~3月(30. 0%,18/60)(χ^2=18. 072,P <0. 01)。实施生鲜上市政策后,限制区人感染H7N9禽流感发病率为0. 00/10万,低于政策实施前发病率水平(0. 27/10万)(P <0. 05)。结论实施"生鲜上市"政策能降低禽类交易市场H7亚型禽流感病毒的污染水平,对降低人群感染风险、减少病例发生起到显著的效果。

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the implementation effect of the fresh poultry listing and marketing policy,and provide a basis for adjusting and optimizing the prevention and control strategy for human infections with avian influenza A virus(H7 N9). Methods In November 2016 to March 2017,2 shops of live poultry trading restricted area farm product market(hereinafter referred to as the restricted area market),the non-live poultry trading restricted area farm product market(hereinafter referred to as unrestricted area market were selected,samples of the market environment are collected every month for the detection of H7 subtype avian influenza virus nucleic acid(hereinafter referred to as H7 subtype),and the difference in the incidence of human infection with H7 N9 avian influenza before and after the implementation of fresh listing policy is analyzed and compared between the restricted area and the non-restricted area. Results 120 samples were collected from restricted area and unrestricted area markets,respectively. The positive rate of H7 subtype in restricted area markets(5. 8%,7/120) was lower than that in unrestricted area markets(15. 8%,19/120)(χ^2= 6. 221,P < 0. 05). In restricted area markets,the positive rate of H7 subtype during November to December 2016(0. 0%,0/60) was lower than that of the positive rate during January to March 2017(11. 7%,7/60)(χ^2= 5. 461,P < 0. 05). In unrestricted area markets,the positive rate of H7 subtype during November to December 2016(1. 7%,1/60) was lower than that during November to March 2017(30. 0%,18/60)(χ^2= 18. 072,P < 0. 01). In restricted area,the incidence of H7 N9 cases was 0. 00/100 000 after the implementation of fresh poultry listing and marketing policy,which was lower than that of the incidence before the implementation of fresh poultry listing and marketing policy(0. 27/100 000)(P < 0. 05). Conclusion The implementation of fresh poultry listing and marketing policy could reduce the contaminated level of H7 subtype avian influenza virus in poultry markets. The fresh poultry listing and marketing policy played a significant effect in reducing the risk of human infection and the number of H7 N9 cases.