济南市济阳区中学生营养知识、态度、行为调查

Survey on nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior among middle school students,Jiyang district,Jinan city

目的了解济南市济阳区中学生营养知识掌握情况及饮食结构,找出城乡中学生饮食行为的差别,为有效开展膳食指导提供依据。方法于2019年3月抽取济阳区2所中学的275名在校中学生进行营养知识、态度和行为方面的问卷调查,并对中学生体重指数、饮食行为作Logistic回归分析。结果合格答卷中60.62%(157人)的中学生对营养知识缺乏全面深入的了解,营养知识的知晓率仅有39.38%(102人),但有98.07%(254人)认为饮食与健康有关系,83.78%(217人)愿意愿意接受营养知识并改正不良的饮食习惯,74.13%(192人)表现出对营养知识感兴趣,91.12%(236人)认为有必要开展中学生营养知识宣传。通过本次调查发现城区中学生的膳食结构要优于乡镇中学生(P<0.05),挑食是发生不正常体重指数的危险因素(OR=2.18)(P<0.01),而经常喝酸奶及乳酸饮料是发生不正常体重指数的保护因素(OR=0.49)(P<0.01)。结论营养知识得分高的学生在早餐行为、喝水情况、膳食结构方面要优于得分低的学生。

Objective To understand the knowledge and diet structure of middle school students in Jiyang district,Jinan city,and find out the differences in dietary behaviors between urban and rural middle school students,so as to provide the basis for effective dietary guidance.Methods In March 2019,nutritional knowledge,attitudes and behaviors were questionnaire surveyed on 275middle school students sampled from 2middle schools in Jiyang district,and meantime logistic regression analysis was performed on the body mass index and dietary behaviors.Results There were 60.62%of middle school students(157students)in the qualified questionnaires lack comprehensive and in-depth understanding of nutrition knowledge,with the awareness rate of only 39.38%(102students).However 98.07%of them(254people)considered that diet was related to health,and 83.78%of them(217people)were willing to learn more nutritional knowledge and correct bad eating habits,74.13%(192people)showed interests in nutrition knowledge,91.12%of them(236people)considered that it was necessary to carry out nutrition education for middle school students.Through this survey,it was found that the dietary structure of urban middle school students was better than that of rural middle school students(P<0.05).Picky eaters was a risk factor for abnormal body mass index(OR=2.184)(P<0.01),while regular consumption of yogurt and lactic acid drinks was a protective factor for abnormal body mass index(OR=0.49)(P<0.01).Conclusion In terms of breakfast behavior,drinking water and dietary structure,students with high scores in nutrition knowledge are better than those with low scores.