武威市2012—2017年托幼儿童传染病发病特征分析

Investigation on infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Wuwei,2012-2017

目的了解武威市托幼儿童传染病流行特征、发病情况,为预防控制传染病提供科学依据。方法采用描述性研究的方法,利用传染病报告信息管理系统中的传染病信息,统计分析武威市0~7岁的托幼儿童传染病发病情况及流行特征。结果 2012-2017年武威市0~7岁托幼儿童累计报告传染病例11种2 227例,年平均发病率909.57/10万。主要为肠道传染病和呼吸道传染病,发病前4位的病种为手足口病、水痘、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒。夏季传染病的发病率明显高于其他季节,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),托幼儿童、全人群传染病发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论托幼儿童是武威市传染病防控的重点人群,5-7月是该地传染病发病的高峰。应根据其疾病谱、流行特征采取有效措施减少疫情发生。

Objective To know the characteristics of infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Wuwei from 2012 to 2017,provide scientific strategies for prevention and control of infectious diseases.Methods The data from infectious disease information management system related to 0~7 years old children in Wuwei from 2012 to 2017 were analyzed through description research.Results Two thousand two hundred and thirty-four cases in 12 kinds infectious diseases were reported from 2012 to 2017,and the average annual incidences was 912.43/100 000.The most of them was caused by intestinal and respiratory infectious diseases.The top 4 diseases were hand-foot-mouth diseases,varicella,epidemic parotitis and flu.The incidences of infectious diseases in summer was higher than other seasons,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).There were significant differences in the incidences of infectious diseases between 0~7 years old children and whole people(P<0.01).Conclusion Kindergarten children are the key population of infectious diseases prevention and control in Wuwei.The peak incidence of infectious diseases is from May to July(summer).Effective measures should be taken to reduce the outbreak according to its disease spectrum and epidemic characteristics.