太原市2014—2018年60岁以上老年肺结核流行特征分析

Prevalence characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly over 60 years old in Taiyuan,2014-2018

目的了解太原市2014-2018年老年肺结核流行特征,为制定老年肺结核防控策略提供科学依据。方法从结核病管理信息系统中导出2014-2018年太原市所有登记报告的病例资料,从中筛选出60岁以上老年肺结核患者资料,采用SPSS 21.0软件对数据进行分析,率的比较采用χ^2检验。结果 2014-2018年共登记1 586例老年肺结核患者,男女之比为2.28:1;60~69岁是主要的发病年龄组,占49.75%,;第二季度登记的患者构成比高于其他季度,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=33.176,P<0.01)。老年活动性肺结核患者登记率呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=87.593,P<0.01),涂阳患者登记率呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=44.470,P<0.01);老年人活动性肺结核登记率高于非老年人群,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=928.894,P<0.01);涂阳患者登记率高于非老年人群,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=642.481,P<0.01)。结论 60岁以上老年肺结核仍是防治重点,加强对老年人群的结核知识的宣教,落实对老年人的肺结核主动筛查措施,是提高老年患者早期发现和早期治疗的关键。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis(TB) in the elderly in Taiyuan from 2014 to 2018,provide evidence for the next prevention and control strategy of elderly TB.Methods From the tuberculosis management information system,all registered cases data were exported in Taiyuan from 2014 to 2018,and screening data of elderly TB patients aged 60 years old.The data was analyzed by use of SPSS 21.0 software.The rate was compared by Chi-square test.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results From 2014 to 2018,1 586 elderly TB were registered in Taiyuan,the ratio of male to female was 2.28:1.The age group of 60-69 years old accounted for 49.85%,which was the main age group.The patient registered proportion in the second quarter was higher than other quarters(χ^2=33.176,P<0.01).The registration rate of elderly active TB showed a downward trend year by year(χ^2=87.593,P<0.01),and the registration rate of smear positive patients also showed a downward trend year by year(χ^2=44.470,P<0.01).The registration rate of active TB in the elderly was higher than that in the non-elderly group(χ^2=928.894,P<0.01),and the registration rate of smear-positive patients in the elderly was also higher than that in the non-elderly group(χ^2=642.481,P<0.01).Conclusion TB in the elderly(age≥60 years old) is still the focus of prevention and treatment.Strengthening the health education and implementing active screening measures is the key to improve early detection and early treatment for elderly TB.