广州市2010-2013年恶性肿瘤疾病负担空间分布特征分析

Spatial distribution of cancer-related burden in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2013

目的评价2010-2013年广州市各行政区域恶性肿瘤疾病负担并描述其空间分布特征.方法以2010-2013年广州市恶性肿瘤登记数据和人口学数据为基础,将伤残调整寿命年(DALY)作为疾病负担的主要评价指标,参照全球疾病负担研究的方法估算广州市恶性肿瘤疾病负担.结果2010-2011年和2012-2013年广州市居民恶性肿瘤发病率分别为256.22/10万和270.04/10万,死亡率分别为143.17/10万和148.01/10万.恶性肿瘤疾病负担DALYs分别为606238.95和623763.80人年,每千人口损失DALYs分别为37.63和37.81人年,中标DALY率分别为34.51‰和34.00‰.恶性肿瘤疾病负担最大的3个行政区是越秀区、海珠区和荔湾区,其DALYs共占全市比重的45%,最小为萝岗区.从化区最大疾病负担肿瘤为肝癌,其余各区为肺癌.结论广州市恶性肿瘤疾病负担呈现新城区负担凸显、老城区高居不下的双重压力的特点,肿瘤防治任务艰巨.

Objective To evaluate the burden and to describe the characteristics of spatial distribution caused by malignant tumors among different administrative areas in Guangzhou from 2010-2013.Methods Based on data from the Cancer Registry system and population in Guangzhou in 2010-2013,disability-adjusted life year(DALY)was assessed on the disease burden of cancer,in accordance with the method used in the Global Burden of Disease study.Results The crude incidence rates of cancer appeared as 256.22/105 in 2010-2011 and 270.04/105 in 2012-2013,with the crude mortality rates as 143.17/105 and 148.01/105,respectively,in Guangzhou.Cancers caused 606238.95 DALYs in 2010-2011 and 623763.80 DALYs in 2012-2013 for both sexes and 37.63 and 37.81 person year per 1000 persons,with the standardized DALY rates as 34.51‰,34.00‰respectively.Three administrative districts(Yuexiu,Haizhu and Liwan)were with the largest disease burden of cancers that accounted for 45%of the DALYs for the whole Conghua district,with liver cancer was the leading cancer on DALYs,and tracheal,bronchus and lung cancer ranked the first in the other districts.Conclusions In Guangzhou,disease burden caused by cancers was both prominently seen in the newly developed urban area and the old districts.It remains an arduous task to continue programs on control and prevention of cancers in this city.