农民工社会保障与最低工资标准:一致抑或冲突

Migrant Workers’ Social Security and The Standard of Minimum Wage: Complementary or Alternative?

最低工资是一项保障劳动者在付出劳动情况下获取能够维持其个人及家庭成员基本生活需要的制度,农民工是其重点保护对象。本文基于2016年上海市959个调查样本,研究农民工社会保障与最低工资标准之间的关系。研究发现,上海市月最低工资标准在农民工中执行状况较好,而小时最低工资标准执行情况堪忧;无论是第一代农民工,还是新生代农民工,农民工社会保障与最低工资标准之间都存在一致性关系,且这种关系在知识型密集产业和较大规模企业中更为明显。因此,为确保农民工收入稳定、权益得到有效保障和市民化的实现,本文提出提升农民工人力资本、健全农民工社会保障体系等政策建议。

The minimum wage standard(TMWS) is a system that guarantees workers to obtain the salary to meet the basic living needs of their families. Migrant workers are the key protection targets of the minimum wage standard. Based on the sample data of 959 observations of Shanghai in 2016, this paper uses statistical description and econometric analysis to study the relationship between social security of migrant workers and TMWS. The research findings indicate that, in general, the monthly minimum wage standard in Shanghai is well implemented among migrant workers, while the hourly minimum wage standard is poorly conducted. No matter to the first generation or the new generation migrant workers, TMWS developed a complementary relationship with social security of migrant workers. Furthermore, the relationship is more significant for the new generation migrant workers who are employed in knowledge-intensive industries and large-scale enterprises. Therefore, in order to ensure the stable income and rights of migrant workers and the smooth transition to citizens, this paper proposes suggestions to improve the human capital and the social security system in regard to migrant workers.