新中国成立以来政府与大学权责结构变迁的制度逻辑——历史制度主义的透视

The Institutional Logic of the Evolution of the Power Structure of Government and College Since the Founding of New China:Perspective of Historical Institutionalism

新中国成立以来,我国政府与大学权责结构历经三大发展阶段。基于此,借助历史制度主义的分析框架,研究发现我国政府与大学权责结构的变迁根本上由中国共产党全国执政地位的确立、社会经济体制安排和以政府职能转变为核心的行政体制改革等宏观制度背景所决定;经济发展、利益因素、观念等政治变量及相关行为主体和政府与大学权责结构的互动是其重要影响因素。同时,政府与大学权责结构变迁存在明显的路径依赖,也存在以重大事件为表现形式的"历史否决点"。由此,加快推进政府与大学权责结构的构建和完善,需充分观照相应时代的现实需求、注重相关行为主体的利益诉求、遵守政府与大学权责结构变迁的本质规律和内在机理等。

Since the founding of new China, the power structure of government and college has gone through three stages of development. Based on this, with the help of the analytical framework of historical institutionalism,we find that the vicissitude of the power and responsibility structure of government and college in China is fundamentally determined by the establishment of the ruling status of the Communist Party of China, the design of the social and economic system and the reform of the administrative system with the transformation of government functions as the core. Economy development, interest factors, concepts and other political variables and the interaction between the relevant behavior subjects and the power structure of government and college are all important influencing factors. At the same time, the transition of the power structure of government and college has obvious path dependence, and there are also "historical veto points" in the form of major events. It can be concluded that fully reflect the actual needs of the times, pay attention to the interest appeals of relevant behavior subjects, and abide by the essential rules and internal mechanism of the change of the power structure of government and college is necessary to accelerate the construction and improvement of the power structure.