大学教育评价中的过度量化：表现、困境及治理

Excessive Quantification in University Education Evaluation:Performance, Dilemma and Governance

受实证主义和技术理性思潮影响,追求评价标准精确化,教育成果可计量化、评价结果排名化的量化评价模式成为当前大学内外部教育评价实践的主流。让数据说话,强调效率和产出导向,奉行奖优罚劣,达到质量问责和绩效考核的目的。在追求量化极致表达的评价制度规训下,被评价者的成功学定义改写为"多产"和"快产",由此,大学也难免陷入到"有数量缺质量,重论文轻育人"的发展困境。治理当下大学教育评价的过度量化问题,需要充分尊重教育规律,回归初心,在教育评价的价值论、方法论和本体论上做出反思和修正。

Influenced by positivism and technological rationality,pursuing the accuracy of evaluation criteria,quantifying and ranking the evaluation results has become the mainstream of current educational evaluation practice both inside and outside universities.Let the data speak,emphasize efficiency and output orientation,and pursue rewards for good and punishments for bad,so as to achieve the goal of quality accountability and performance appraisal.Under the guidance of the evaluation system which pursues the ultimate expression of quantification,the definition of success of the evaluates has been rewritten as"mass production of papers"and"rapid production of papers".As a result,universities are inevitably caught in the dilemma of"outstanding quantity but lack of quality,attaching importance to papers but neglecting education".To solve the problem of excessive quantification of university education evaluation,we need to fully respect the law of education,return to the original intention,and make reflection and revision on the value theory,methodology and ontology of education evaluation.