3种马兜铃酸和2种马兜铃内酰胺在北细辛、华细辛及汉城细辛不同部位的分布及含量分析

Distribution and Content of 3 Aristolochic Acids and 2 Aristololactams in Different Parts of Asarum Heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, A. sieboldii and A. sieboldii var. seoulense

目的考察3种马兜铃酸和2种马兜铃内酰胺在《中华人民共和国药典》(简称"《中国药典》")收载的北细辛、华细辛及汉城细辛不同部位中的分布和含量。方法采用HPLC-DAD测定北细辛、汉城细辛和华细辛的果、叶、根及根茎中马兜铃酸Ⅰ等3种马兜铃酸和2种马兜铃内酰胺的含量,并以LC-MS检测细辛根及根茎中马兜铃酸Ⅰ是否存在。结果通过对30份细辛果、97份细辛叶和97份细辛根及根茎样品检测的结果表明:3种细辛的果中均分布较高含量的马兜铃酸Ⅰ(0.095-2.200 mg?g-1)、9-羟基马兜铃酸Ⅰ(0.012-0.103 mg?g-1)、马兜铃内酰胺Ⅰ(0.025-0.147 mg?g-1)和马兜铃内酰胺Ⅱ(0.120-0.144 mg?g-1),未检测到马兜铃酸Ⅱ;3种细辛的叶中(除了2份样品)均分布有马兜铃酸Ⅰ,含量为0.010-0.140 mg?g-1,其它4种成分未检测到;HPLC法在细辛根及根茎的97份样品中均未检测到3种马兜铃酸和2种马兜铃内酰胺中的任何1种,但经过灵敏度更高的LCMS检验,所测定的4份细辛根及根茎样品中均分布极微量的马兜铃酸Ⅰ(0.4-2.4μg?g-1)。结论本研究通过检测大量的细辛采集样品和多省市的细辛商品,报道了3种马兜铃酸和2种马兜铃内酰胺在《中国药典》收载细辛不同部位中的分布和含量情况,为《中国药典》(2005年版)把细辛药用部位由"全草"修订为"根及根茎"而保证细辛的临床用药安全提供了科学数据的支撑。

Objective To investigate the distribution of 3 aristolochic acids and 2 aristololactams in different parts of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, A. sieboldii and A. sieboldii var. seoulense that recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Methods HPLC-DAD was used to determine the contents of t3 aristolochic acids and 2 aristololactams in 30 batches fruit, 97 batches leaf and 97 batches root with rhizome of A. heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, A. sieboldii and A. sieboldii var. seoulense, and LC-MS was used to detect the presence of aristolochic acid Ⅰ in 4 batches root with rhizome. Results High contents(0.095-2.200 mg·g-1)of aristolochic acid Ⅰ(AA-Ⅰ) existed in the 30 batches fruit samples, 9-OH AA-Ⅰ(0.012-0.103 mg·g-1), aristololactam Ⅰ(AL-Ⅰ)(0.025-0.147 mg·g-1) and AL-Ⅱ(0.120-0.144 mg·g-1)also existed in the fruit samples. However, no AA-Ⅱ was found in any fruit samples. AA-Ⅰ was found in almost all batches leaf(except 2 samples), but the other 2 aristolochic acids and 2 aristololactams were not detected in any of leaf samples. Both 3 aristolochic acids and 2 aristololactams were not detected in any samples of the 97 batches root with rhizome using HPLC-DAD. However, trace of AA-Ⅰ(0.4-2.4 μg·g-1) was found in all the 4 batches root with rhizome samples that were tested with using LC-MS, which was more sensitive. Conclusion This study reports a large distribution and content data of 3 aristolochic acids and 2 aristololactams in different parts of the 3 plants recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which supported the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2005 Edition) adopting the root with rhizome as medicinal parts of Herba Asari instead of the whole herb for drug safety by providing scientific data.