阿拉伯语名词的阴阳性及文化内涵

Arabic Nouns’ Gender and Cultural Concepts Reflected among Them

名词的阴阳性是阿拉伯语中一个非常独特的语言现象,是阿拉伯人在日常生活中对周遭事物认知、分辨的结果。其区分既有一定的规律可循,又不可一以贯之。从外在表现上看,一般而言,阴性名词有三种标志:减尾的艾力夫(■)、延尾的艾力夫(■)和圆塔乌(■)。在漫长的历史演化过程中,名词的阴阳性折射出丰富的文化内涵,反映了阿拉伯人的思维和认知方式。阿拉伯半岛的自然、社会环境,部落宗教、语言,伊斯兰文化特别是《古兰经》的降示等因素都对阿拉伯语名词阴阳性的形成产生了影响,同时也造成了当今阿拉伯语在名词阴阳性界定方面相对复杂的局面。

Nouns’gender in Arabic is a unique linguistic phenomenon as a consequence of Arabians realization on surroundings.And its distinction won’t obey one way although there is some law people could rely on.From nouns matter,it can be found that there are three symbols for feminine nouns to distinguish them with masculine nouns.But there are still some exceptions from this point.And Arabic nouns’gender has reflected abundant cultural concepts and Arabians thinking methods during a long period.Many factors such as natural and society’s environment and atmosphere in the Arabian Peninsula,tribal religion,tribal language,Islamic cultures especially Quran’s revelation had influenced Arabic nouns formation.Besides,it also leads to some complexions between feminine and masculine in Arabic nouns.