官义合作——1929年浙江台州水灾救济述论

Cooperation between Official Relief and Charity Relief——Review of The 1929 Flood Relief in Taizhou, Zhejiang

1929年台州水灾救济历时一年,施赈活动大致按照急赈、冬赈、春赈、工赈的顺序渐次进行,还兼办平粜,基本做到了救人救彻。办赈过程中,浙江省政府与台灾急振会、中国济生会通力合作,实现了三者间人力、物力及财力的流通与互补。具体的救济实践也揭示出政府与慈善团体关系的复杂面相,即政府的优惠政策既能成为义赈的助力,如果缺乏执行力也有可能阻碍赈务;官义合作以官赈遵守义赈原则,不损害义赈组织办赈自主权为基础。

The 1929 Flood relief in Taizhou has lasted for one year,which is generally followed the order of emergency relief,winter relief,spring relief,work relief and also runs flatly and basically helping save lives.In the process of relief,the Zhejiang Provincial Government has cooperated with Taizhou Flood Relief Committee and Chinese Philanthropic Institution realizing the circulation and complementarity of manpower,material resources and financial resources.The concrete relief practices have also revealed the complicated relationship between the government and charities that the government's preferential policies can serve as a support for relief,but if there is lack of executive power,it may also hamper relief.And the cooperation between the government and charities is based on official relief abide the principle of charity relief,without prejudice to the autonomy of relief organizations.