青海省格尔木地区雄激素性秃发流行病学调查

Epidemiological Survey of Androgenetic Alopecia in Golmud Area of Qinghai Province

目的了解青海省格尔木地区雄激素性秃发(androgenetic alopecia,AGA)患病率及影响因素。方法采取整群抽样方法进行现场问卷,AGA程度分级采用Hamil-ton-Norwood和Ludwig标准,调查时间为2016年9月-2017年12月。结果共调查2352人,诊断为AGA患者389例,总患病率为16.54%。其中男性患病率为24.90%,Ⅲ枕顶型是男性AGA患者最常见的秃发类型;女性AGA患者患病率为7.64%,Ⅰ型是女性AGA患者最常见的秃发类型。39.74%的男性患者及36.78%的女性患者存在阳性家族史。各民族发病率中汉族最高(18.07%),蒙古族最低(12.59%)。此外吸烟、BMI>27、日光暴露>16 h/周、不防晒均为罹患AGA的高危因素。结论格尔木地区AGA患病率男性明显高于女性,吸烟、BMI、日光暴露、防晒均与AGA患病存在显著相关性。

Objective To obtain the prevalence rate and risk factors of androgenetic alopecia(AGA)in Golmud,Qinghai.Methods A cluster sampling method was used for on-site questionnaires.The AGA degree was graded using the Hamilton-Norwood and Ludwig criteria.The survey time ranged from September 2016 to December 2017.Results A total of 2352 people were investigated and 389 patients with AGA were diagnosed.The overall prevalence was 16.54%.The prevalence of AGA in male was 24.90%and the most common type was typeⅢvertex.The prevalence of AGA in female was 7.64%and the most common type was typeⅠ.A family history was present in 39.74%of men and 36.78%of women with AGA.Among the ethnic groups,the Han nationality was the highest(18.07%)and the Mongolian was the lowest(12.59%).In addition,smoking,BMI>27,sunlight exposure>16 hours/week,no sunlight protection were risk factors for AGA.Conclusion The prevalence of AGA in male is significantly higher than that in female in Golmud area.Smoking,BMI,sunlight exposure and protection from sunlight exposure are significantly associated with AGA.