新疆某三甲医院急诊留观患者流行病分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Emergency Patients Staying in the Observation Rooming in Third-grade Class-A Hospital

目的了解急诊留观患者的基本情况,为加强急救系统建设,提高急救技术水平提供理论依据。方法选取某院2013年1月—2018年6月急诊科所有留观患者87595例次为研究对象。按国际疾病分类标准第10版进行疾病分类,并对患者年龄、性别、病种、就诊时间等进行统计。结果①急诊留观患者的前六大病种依次是:循环系统疾病、影响健康状态和与保健机构接触的因素疾病、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、损伤、中毒和外因的某些其他后果疾病及肿瘤。②其中循环系统疾病患者的平均年龄最大,为60.87岁;起源于围生期的某些情况的年龄最小,为0.27岁。③男女性别构成比在各大病种中存在显著差异(P<0.05)。④日就诊时间主要集中于13:00—24:00,该时间段就诊的患者人数占每日患者总人数的68.61%。⑤前六大病种就诊时期呈季节性特点。结论应根据急诊留观患者的疾病谱及流行病学特点,合理安排急诊资源,确立学科建设重点和人才培养方向,以适应新形势下急诊发展和管理的需要下急诊发展和管理的需要。

Objective To investigate the basic information of emergency observation patients to provide theoretical basis for construction of emergency system and improvement of emergent technology.Methods A total of 87595 well-documented emergency patients from January 1st,2013 to June 31st,2018 were selected as the subjects and classified acoording to International Classification of Diseases 10th Edition.The age,gender,disease type,visiting time of the patients were statistically analyzed.Results The top six diseases from which the emergency patients who had to stay in the observation room suffered were diseases of the circulatory system,diseases affecting health status and diseases related to exposure to health care institutions,diseases of the respiratory system,diseases of the digestive system,injuries and poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes diseases and tumours.The average age of the patients with circulatory diseases was the largest(60.87 years old),while that of patients with certain situations originating in the perinatal period was the smallest(0.27 years old).There were significant differences in the ratio of male to female diseases(P<0.05).Daily clinical time focused on 13:00-24:00.The number of patients visiting emergency room during that period accounted for 68.61%.The top six major diseases had the seasonal characteristics.Conclusion We need to rationalize emergency resources and establish the Key Points of Subject Construction and the Direction of Talent Cultivation accord to the disease spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of emergency patients,in order to meet the needs of emergency development and management under the new situation.