吸纳与区隔:社区共识的型塑机制研究

Absorption and Distinction: Research on Mechanism of Neighborhood Consensus Building in Hutong Community

将都市行动研究、自组织过程研究的社区共识影响要素融入社区治理机制分析,对有改善居住环境共识的胡同社区为何没有出现社区自组织行动的研究发现:吸纳机制使社区集体行动的机会空间受限,无法依托既有社会组织网络进行动员;空间、群体、人际、话语区隔机制瓦解了社区团结,使胡同社区缺乏重建社区自组织的能人、资源和网络基础;吸纳和区隔导致的原子化和空心化使居民行动力和机会空间受限,被动与国家、市场达成社区共识。吸纳和区隔对社区共识的型塑是对都市行动研究、自组织过程研究、邻里政治研究路径社区共识研究的补充、丰富和完善。明确发展预期、提升公民意识、丰富社区社会资本、社区营造是改善胡同社区治理的途径。

This study integrates the factors affect community consensus proposed by urban action study and self-organizational process analysis,including the elites,resources,social organization,social network structure,opportunity space,into the analysis of community governance technics to explore why Hutong Community in Ping City did not occur community self-organizing action while residents have strong desires to improve standards for retreating and improving the living environment.There are three research findings in this study.First,governance technic of absorption limits the opportunity for community collective action in Hutong Community,as a result,residents cannot rely on the existing social organization network to get mobilized.Second,governance technic of distinction,including space distinction,class distinction,interpersonal distinction and discourse distinction,disintegrates community unity,therefore,Hutong Community lacks for the foundation for rebuilding community self-organization,such as the elites,resources and social network structure.Third,the atomization and hollowing caused by governance technics of absorption and distinction limits the action force and opportunity space of Hutong Community,so the residents were forced to reach a community consensus with the state and the market.This study supplements and perfects the existing community consensus research.Clarifing development expectations,enhancing citizen awareness,enriching community social capital,and community building are approaches to improve the governance situation in Hutong Community.