多种热力循环在船舶热能发电系统中的应用

Application of Multiple Thermodynamic Cycles in Marine Thermal Power Generation System

发展和应用船舶柴油机热能发电技术是实现航运业节能减排的重要途径之一。围绕蒸汽朗肯循环、有机朗肯循环、卡琳娜循环和布雷顿循环4种应用于船舶主机烟气余热回收利用领域的热力循环,介绍各循环的基本原理和工质选择,并进行装置效率对比,对以热力循环为基本原理的船舶柴油机热能发电系统的研究现状和发展趋势进行总结。论文研究认为:有机朗肯循环拥有相对较高的热能回收发电效率,而以S-CO2为循环工质的布雷顿循环拥有更显著的船舶热能回收发电应用前景,在探求可联合"契合点"的基础上建立以"蒸汽-有机朗肯联合循环系统"为代表的两种甚至两种以上循环方式的联合热力循环余热回收发电系统是提升船舶热能发电整体效率的重要手段。

Developing and applying the thermal power generation technology of marine diesel engine is one of the important technologies to realize the energy saving and emission reduction of shipping industry. The basic principle and working fluid selection of each cycle are introduced, which revolves around the four kinds of the heat recycling, such as the steam Rankine cycle, Organic Rankine cycle, Karina cycle and Brayton cycle, the research status and development tendency of thermal power generation system with thermal cycle as the basic principle of marine diesel engine are summarized. Organic Rankine cycle has relatively high heat recovery efficiency, Brayton cycle of S-CO2 as working fluid has a broad application prospect of marine thermal energy recovery and power generation. In order to improve the overall efficiency of marine thermal power generation, it is important to establish combined thermal cycle waste heat recovery power generation systems represented by "Steam-Organic rankine combined cycle system" on the basis of exploring the joint "meeting point", which includes two or more cycles.