恩斯特·布洛赫与德国统一社会党的修正主义批判

Ernst Bloch and the Revisionist Criticism of the German Socialist Party

1948年,恩斯特·布洛赫结束美国的流亡生活(1938~1948)回到德国,任莱比锡大学哲学系教授。起初他与当局倒也相安无事,他的代表作《希望的原理》第1卷、第2卷由东德建设出版社相继出版,1955年布洛赫获得东德国家奖,被选为德国科学院会员。但是,1956年随着波兰、匈牙利事件以及苏共二十大的召开,布洛赫与以乌布利希为首的东德当局龃龉不断,关系走入低谷,他被定性为"修正主义"分子,他的希望哲学被贴上"修正主义"标签。1957年布洛赫被勒令退休,他不仅被禁止在大学授课和讲演,还成为东德国家安全局的秘密监视对象。1961年布洛赫离开东德莱比锡,移居西德图宾根。布洛赫死后,1989年在东德被恢复名誉。

In 1948,Ernst Bloch ended the American life in exile(1938-1948),returned to East Germany and was a professor of philosophy at the University of Leipzig. At first he was in peace with the East German authorities,his masterpiece"the principle of hope,"the first volume,the second volume by the East German Construction Publishing House have published in 1955 Bloch won the East German National Award, was elected Member of the German Academy of Sciences. However,in 1956 with the Polish,Hungarian events and the Soviet U-nion held 20 times the General Assembly,Bloch and Uberrich led the East German authorities in a constant relationship,the relationship into the trough,he was characterized as "revisionist"His philosophy of hope is labeled "revisionism ". In 1957 Bloch was ordered to retire,he was not only prohibited university lectures and lectures,but also become the East German National Security Bureau secret surveillance object. In 1961 Bloch left East Leipzig and moved to W est Germany. After the death of Bloch in 1989,he was reputed in East Germany.