4周高强度间歇训练对优秀花样游泳运动员专项运动能力提升效果的研究

Research on the Effect of 4-week HITT on Improving Specialized Competitive Ability of Elite Synchronized Swimmers

目的:为满足花样游泳项目竞技水平多元化的发展和对专项体能日益增长的需求,对4周高强度间歇训练(HIIT)在提高优秀花样游泳运动员专项运动能力的应用效果进行探讨。方法:利用心率变异性分析和疲劳监控系统(Firstbeat)对运动员4周HIIT单元心率及其相关衍生指标、不同供能系统供能占比时间百分比以及训练冲量进行监控,对阶段训练前后相关指标的变化进行统计分析。结果:4周HIIT后,运动员完成相同的训练内容时,有氧无氧混合代谢供能能力的调动和供能比例显著增加,心率处于无氧阈强度的时间占比较之前有所提升,高强度的时间占比显著提升(P<0.05);训练冲量和快速恢复能力均有显著提升(P<0.05)。结论:4周HIIT有助于提升花样游泳运动员的专项体能水平,可为运动员完成更高更快更强的编排难度动作奠定体能基础。

Objective:To satisfy the diversified developmental demands of synchronized swimming events and the higher requirements of competitive ability.The purpose of the study is to monitor and evaluate the effect of 4-week high-intensity interval training(HIIT)on improving the anaerobic exercise ability of elite synchronized swimmers.Methods:To monitorthe HR and derivative indexes in athletes'physical fitness training units by Firstbeat.The mainmonitoring indexes include HR,BLa,QRST,TRIMP,Time in Training Zone.To statistically analyze the changes of the related indexes after stage training.Results:After 4-week HIIT,the proportion of anaerobic endurance mobilization and energy supply increased significantly when the athletes completed the same training tasks(P<0.05),and the training impulse and fast recovery ability both improved significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion:The HIIT model is helpful to improve specialized competitive ability of synchronized swimmers,which provides physical foundation for athletes to complete the higher,faster and stronger composition of the exercise.