荔枝果皮多酚对荔枝霜疫霉生物学特性的影响

Effects of litchi pericarp polyphenols on biological characteristics of Peronophythora litchii

【目的】探讨荔枝多酚对荔枝霜疫霉生长发育的影响。【方法】溶剂浸提法提取荔枝果皮中的总多酚,采用常规植物病理学手段研究荔枝多酚质量浓度对荔枝霜疫霉菌落形态、生物量、孢子囊萌发方式、游动孢子萌发及卵孢子数量的影响。【结果】荔枝多酚质量浓度为150~300μg·mL^-1时,荔枝霜疫霉菌落致密,菌丝生长量和产孢量显著减少,孢子囊以释放游动孢子的方式萌发;培养基中荔枝多酚为100~300μg·mL^-1时,可显著促进游动孢子的萌发,抑制孢子囊的萌发;在无荔枝多酚的PDA培养基上荔枝霜疫霉不易产生卵孢子,当培养基中荔枝多酚质量浓度达到100μg·mL^-1时,荔枝霜疫霉产生卵孢子为10.8 mm^-2。【结论】荔枝多酚类物质参与荔枝霜疫霉生长发育的调控,抑制霜疫霉生长和产生孢子囊,具有开发新型安全性生物源杀菌剂的潜力。

【Objective】To investigate the effects of litchi polyphenols on growth and development of Peronophythora litchii.【Method】Polyphenols were extracted from litchi pericarp by solvent extraction.The effects of polyphenols on colony morphology,biomass,germination mode of sporangium,zoospore germination and oospore number of P.litchii were analyzed by phytopathological research methods.【Result】With the treatment of litchi polyphenols at 150 to 300μg·mL^-1,the hyphal colonies of P.litchii appeared dense,hyphal dry weight and sporangia number were significantly reduced,and the sporangia germinated to release zoospores.With the treatment of litchi polyphenols at 100 to 300μg·mL^-1,zoospores germination was significantly increased while sporangia germination was significantly suppressed.Oospore was hardly observed in PDA control without litchi polyphenols.When litchi polyphenols in the media reached 100μg·mL^-1,the produce of oospores was 10.8 mm^-2.【Conclusion】Litchi polyphenols involve in the regulation of the growth and development of P.litchii,can suppress the growth of P.litchii and sporangia germination,indicating their potential for developing new safe biogenic fungicides.