中间砧对甜柿嫁接亲和性的影响

The impact of interstocks on grafting affinity of sweet persimmon

【目的】将甜柿直接嫁接在我国涩柿砧木上亲和力很差,本研究旨在探讨通过中间砧二次嫁接,改善柿树砧木与接穗的亲和性.【方法】以二年生安徽君迁子和山东君迁子为基砧,以一年生‘南通小方柿’和‘御所’枝条为中间砧,嫁接优质甜柿品种‘早秋’和‘富有’,观测其田间生长指标及生理生化指标,研究不同中间砧对甜柿嫁接亲和性的影响.【结果】叶片PPO的活性与嫁接成活率呈负相关关系,相关系数为-0.095;POD与嫁接成活率呈正相关关系,相关系数为0.365;叶片可溶性糖含量绝对差值、可溶性蛋白含量绝对差值与嫁接成活率均呈负相关关系,相关系数分别为-0.267和-0.136;IAA、GA1+3与嫁接成活率呈正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.677和0.509,ABA与嫁接成活率呈负相关关系,相关系数为-0.062.【结论】‘御所’和‘南通小方柿’对安徽君迁子嫁接‘早秋’亲和性有一定的改善作用,并且‘御所’的改善效果优于‘南通小方柿’;‘御所’能显著改善山东君迁子嫁接‘富有’亲和性,提高山东君迁子嫁接‘早秋’亲和性;但‘南通小方柿’对提高山东君迁子嫁接‘早秋’亲和性无明显效果.

【Objective】 In order to resolve the problem of poor affinity of direct grafting sweet persimmon on astringent persimmon rootstocks,the intermediate rootstock second grafting was carried out in this experiment.【Method】 Two-year-old Diospyros lotus from Anhui and Shandong were used as basic stock,and one-year-old D. kaki cv. ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ and D. kaki cv.‘Haha Gosho’ branch were used as intermediate stock to graft high-quality sweet persimmon varieties(‘Zaoqiu’ and ‘Fuyou’). The field growth indexes and physiological and biochemical indexes were observed,and the effects of different intermediate stocks on the grafting compatibility of sweet persimmon were studied. 【Result】 PPO activity in leaves was negatively correlated with grafting survival rate,the correlation coefficient was-0.095;POD was positively correlated with grafting survival rate,the correlation coefficient was 0.365;absolute differences of soluble sugar content and soluble protein content in leaves were negatively correlated with grafting survival rate,and the correlation coefficients were-0.267 and-0.136,respectively. IAA and GA1+3 were positively correlated with the survival rate of grafting,and the correlation coefficients were 0.677 and 0.509,respectively. ABA was negatively correlated with the survival rate of grafting,and the correlation coefficient was-0.062. 【Conclusion】 ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ and ‘Haha Gosho’ could improve the affinity of ‘Zaoqiu’ grafting on D.lotus Anhui,and the improving effect of ‘Haha Gosho’ was better than ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’.‘Haha Gosho’ could significantly improve the affinity of D. lotus Shandong grafting on ‘Fuyou’,and improve the affinity of D. lotus Shandong grafting on ‘Zaoqiu’,but ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ had no obvious effect on improving the affinity of D.lotus Shandong grafting on ‘Zaoqiu’.