番茄颈腐根腐病病原鉴定及其品种抗性鉴定

Identification and variety resistance of the pathogen of tomato crown and root Rot

【目的】明确甘肃省番茄颈腐根腐病病原菌,为其防治奠定基础.【方法】于2016年对甘肃省番茄颈腐根腐病进行调查并采集样品,采用常规组织分离法分离病原,单孢分离法进行纯化,结合其形态和分子特征进行鉴定,通过盆栽法测定各菌株的致病性及筛选抗性品种,柯赫氏法则验证确定番茄颈腐根腐病的病原.【结果】共分离得到6株病原菌,鉴定为尖孢镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporum),其致病性较强,发病率85%左右,病情指数为63左右.通过抗性鉴定,筛选出‘精品红美女’‘花绣球’‘元明粉玉女’和‘红色樱桃’ 4个抗性品种.【结论】尖孢镰孢菌是引起番茄颈腐根腐病的病原,选育抗病品种是防治番茄颈腐根腐病最经济有效的方法.

【Objective】 To clarify the pathogen of tomato crown and root rot in Gansu Province,and to lay a foundation for its prevention. 【Method】 The tomato crown and root rot was investigated in Gansu Province and the samples were collected in 2016. The pathogens were isolated using routine method of tissue separation,purified by single spore separation method,combined with their morphology and molecular characteristics. The pathogenicity of the strain and screen the resistant varieties were determined by the pot culture method. The pathogens of tomato crown and root rot were verified by using the Koch′s law. 【Result】 Six strains were isolated and identified as Fusarium oxysporum. The pathogenicity of the pathogen was strong,the incidence rate reached 85%,and the disease index was 63. The results of resistance identification indicated that four cultivars among 33 cultivars showed the resistance against the pathogen,which were ‘Jingpin Hongmeinv’‘Hua Xiuqiu’‘Yuanming Fenyunnv’ and ‘Hongse Yingtao’. 【Conclusion】 Fusarium oxysporum is the main pathogen to cause tomato crown and root rot,and the employment of the resistant cultivars is an economic and efficient measure to control tomato crown and root rot.