双孢菇工厂化生产中自走式搔菌机的设计与试验

Design and test of self-walking ruffling machine in factory production of Agaricus bisporus

【目的】为提高双孢菇工厂化生产效率及覆土发菌成功率.【方法】设计了一种携有菱形拨齿的自走式搔菌机,采用变频控制,能够实现搔菌深度、镇压强度以及整机行进速度的可调运行,并进行了搔菌试验.【结果】作业机最佳前进速度为0.36 m/s,后退速度0.7 m/s;对每层育菇床架进行4次搔菌作业,完成1个育菇房(种植面积为450~460 m^2)内的搔菌作业仅用时1.3 h;作业后搔菌深度合格率为98.3%、床面老旧菌块或菌皮残留率2.1%、镇压高度差合格率93.32%、作业期间故障率0%.【结论】该搔菌机作业效果好,效率高,符合双孢菇工厂化生产要求,可为双孢菇工厂化生产设备的设计与试验提供一定的参考.

【Objective】 In order to improve the industrial production efficiency of Agaricus bisporus and the success rate of overlying bacteria. 【Method】 A self-walking ruffling machine with rhombic teeth was designed,which can realize the adjustable operation of the depth of ruffling,the intensity of repression and the forward speed of the whole machine by using frequency conversion control,and the ruffling test was carried out. 【Result】 The optimum forward running speed of the operating machine was 0.36 m/s,the back speed was 0.7 m/s. The machine only took 1.3 hours to finish the ruffling operation within one mushroom house(planting area: 450~460 m^2) after each layer of mushroom bed frame for 4 times to ruffling bacteria operations. The qualified rate of ruffling depth was 98.3%,the residual rate of old fungi in bed was 2.1%,the qualified rate of suppression height difference was 93.32%,and the failure rate was 0% during operation. 【Conclusion】 The machine performs good and its efficiency is high,which meets the requirements of industrial production of A. bisporus.