“南中王门”的学派构成及其思想特征

The School Composition and Its Thought Characteristics of “Nanzhong Wang Yangming School”

"南中王门"为《明儒学案》"王学七派"之一。"南中"概指以明代"留都"(今南京)为中心,涵盖今苏、皖、沪三地,南中王门概指南中地区阳明亲炙弟子及其再传弟子构成的阳明后学流派。南中王门思想特征主要表现在:南中亲炙弟子均能认同乃师"心即理""致良知"等观念,同时在不同学派之间形成兼容并蓄之风气;再者,再传弟子师从复杂,甚而对讲学活动、"四无说"等多有反省和批评,并将横渠"气"学思想重新引入,以致于南中王门的思想来源及其发展显得较为丰富和多元。可以说,南中王门的思想特征既在阳明良知学的范式内展开多元拓展,又在一定意义上出现反省和批评阳明心学的思想新动向。

Nanzhong Wang Yangming School is one of the seven schools of Wang Yangming. "Nanzhong"refers to the Ming Dynasty"Liudu"( Nanjing) as the center,covering today’s three places--Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai. The characteristics of Nanzhong Wang Yangming School are mainly manifested in the following aspects: the disciples in Nanzhong can all agree with the concepts of"mind is reason"and"conscience",and at the same time form a spirit of harmony between different schools;furthermore,the disciples are taught more complex and even have introspection and criticism on lecturing activities,"four notions"and so on. The thought sources and their development are relatively rich and diverse. It can be said that the thought characteristics of Wang Yangming School in Nanzhong not only expanded in the paradigm of Yangming’s Consciousness,but also appeared in a certain sense a new trend of introspection and criticism of Yangming’s Consciousness.