不同年龄段腰椎间隙狭窄与椎间盘突出的关系

The relationship between lumbar disc space narrowing and lumbar disc herniation in different age groups

目的探讨不同年龄段X线平片上,退变性腰椎间隙狭窄与腰椎间盘突出(LDH)的关系,提高X线平片对LDH定位的准确性。方法回顾146例同时行腰椎X线及椎间盘CT检查患者的影像资料,分析各年龄段椎间隙狭窄程度及形态与LDH的关系。结果 20~29岁人群腰椎间隙狭窄占11.32%(24/212),腰椎间隙狭窄程度、形态改变以Ⅰ度、A型为主,分别占100.00%和91.67%;30~59岁年龄段腰椎间隙狭窄占53.77%(114/212);20~29岁腰椎间隙狭窄A型占比高于其余年龄段(P<0.05);随着患者年龄增大,各年龄段腰椎间隙狭窄程度、腰椎间隙狭窄形态构成比比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。20~29岁组LDH个数占本年龄段椎间隙狭窄总数的41.67%(10/24),50~59岁组占6.67%(20/30);20~29岁组10个LDH中,椎间隙狭窄I度、A型占比均为100.0%,高于其余各年龄段(P<0.05);30~39岁、40~49岁及50~59岁存在LDH椎间隙狭窄Ⅰ度占比高于60~70岁(P<0.05)。结论在不同年龄段,腰椎间隙狭窄与LDH具有不同的关系,且30~49岁年龄段椎间隙狭窄率较高,导致LDH发生率较高;对于伴有椎间隙形态改变者LDH的比率更高。

Objective To investigate the relationship between lumbar disc space narrowing and lumbar disc herniation(LDH) on X-ray of different age groups, and to improve the accuracy of X-ray positioning for LDH. Methods The imaging data of 146 patients who underwent lumbar X-ray and intervertebral disc CT at the same time were reviewed. The relationship between LDH and the degree and shape of lumbar disc space narrowing in different age groups were analyzed.Results The lumbar disc space narrowing in people aged 20-29 years old accounted for 11.32%(24/212), the degree and shape of lumbar disc space narrowing were mainly Ⅰ degree and A type, accounting for 100.00% and 91.67%,respectively. The lumbar disc space narrowing in people aged 30-59 years old accounted for 53.77%(114/212). The proportion of type A of lumbar disc space narrowing between 20-29 years old was higher than that in other age groups(P<0.05). As the age of patients increased, there were significant differences in the composition ratio of degree and shapa of lumbar disc space narrowing in different ages(P<0.05). The LDH number of people aged 20-29 years old accounted for 41.67%(10/24) of the total number lumbar space stenosis, and the LDH number of people aged 50-59 years old accounted for 6.67%(20/30). Among the 10 cases with LDH in people aged 20-29 years old, the proportion of Ⅰ degree and type A of lumbar disc space narrowing were 100.00%, which were higher than those in other age groups(P<0.05). The proportion of Ⅰ degree of lumbar disc space narrowing in 30-39 years old, 40-49 years old and 50-59 years old were higher than those in 60-70 years old(P<0.05). Conclusion Lumbar disc space narrowing has different relationship with LDH in different age groups, and the rate of lumbar disc space narrowing in the 30-49 age group is higher, which leads to higher incidence of LDH. The rate of LDH is higher in patients with morphological changes of intervertebral space.