上海地区近零能耗高层住宅光伏替代率研究

Research on Photovoltaic Substitution Rate of High-rise Residential Buildings with Near Zero Energy Consumption in Shanghai

近零能耗住宅建筑是在被动式超低能耗建筑的基础之上,通过对可再生能源的高效利用,尽可能实现住宅运行能耗的自给自足。其中,太阳能光伏的产能是实现近零能耗的关键。不同住宅类型的太阳能光伏产能存在很大区别,立面光伏系统的产能对于高层住宅实现近零能耗至关重要。文章以上海地区为例,建立典型高层住宅模型,利用PKPM建筑节能软件,进行能耗模拟计算;再利用PV-system软件对该住宅模型的光伏发电量进行测算,计算出其光伏发电极限值,得出模型案例在上海地区的光伏替代率和总节能率极限值。以此为拓展,计算出案例模型在不同气候区典型城市的光伏发电极限值,最后得出模型案例在各地区的光伏替代率和总节能率极限值,并以此推导各地区高层住宅实现近零能耗的可能性。

Near-zero energy consumption residential buildings are based on passive ultra-low energy consumption buildings and realize self-sufficiency of residential operation energy consumption as much as possible through efficient utilization of renewable energy.Among them,the capacity of solar photovoltaic is the key to achieve near zero energy consumption.There are great differences in solar photovoltaic capacity among different residential types.The capacity of facade photovoltaic system is very important for highrise residential buildings to achieve near zero energy consumption.Taking Shanghai as an example,this paper establishes a typical highrise residential model and uses PKPM building energy-saving software to simulate and calculate energy consumption.Then the PVsystem software is used to calculate the photovoltaic power generation capacity of the residential model,calculate its photovoltaic power generation limit value,and obtain the photovoltaic substitution rate and total energy saving rate limit values of the model cases in Shanghai area.Taking this as an extension,the photovoltaic power generation limit values of the case model in typical cities in different climate regions are calculated.Finally,the photovoltaic substitution rate and total energy saving rate limit values of the model cases in various regions are obtained,and the possibility of realizing near zero energy consumption for high-rise residential buildings in various regions is deduced.