创意写作学视域下创作方法论问题研究

Research on the Creation Method from the Perspective of Creative Writing Studies

人只有把自己领受为创意者时,他才可能真正领受自己的生命本质并以其为基本原则来追求其主体性的自我完成,写作由此被理解为主体对其创意本质的一种领受和实现的活动,一种被本质地包含于主体生命的内在实践。"创意"对于人来说是本体意义上的,它包含了两个本体论意义层面:人是创造性地思维着的,人是思维着的创造者。以此为本体论视域,我们得到了创意写作学对于创意的三个维度的认识:它的基础维度是再现,这种再现是在创意写作者对外部世界的事件序列的把握中形成的,它的较高的维度是对事理逻辑和情感逻辑的创造,它创造了事件系列的意义图景。而在最高的维度,这种创意则是"世界观",它创造了世界的意义,并让主体成为显身于意义中的创造性地思维着的"创造者"。创意本体论的创作方法不是按照世界的"是其所是"来临摹,也不是按照世界的"像其该是"来想象,而是按照创造思维着的主体的内在创意原则来创造世界。以人的创意实践为基础,而不是直接以人的生产实践为基础来讨论创作问题,这是创意写作学视域对文艺学的一个贡献;创意写作学视域下的创意创作方法论的构建,可以为当下小说创作的最新实践提供阐释模型和研究路径,对我们进一步重新审视文学活动的创意本质,实现文学观念、批评话语和研究方法的更新具有重要意义。

From the perspective of ontology,"creativity"contains two aspects:human beings are thinking creatively,and human beings are creators of thinking.Taking this as the ontological field of view,we get the understanding of the three dimensions of creativity in creative writing:Firstly,the most fundamental dimension of creativity is a reproduction.Secondly,its higher dimension is the creation of things and emotional logic.Finally,the toppest dimension of creativity points to the"worldview",which creates the meaning of the world.In this process,the author can be regarded as the creator of ideas.The creation method of the ontology of creativity is not intended to copy and imagine,but to create the world in accordance with the internal principles of the author.One of the crucial contributions of creative writing to literary theory is that creative writing regards the creative activity as an ontological creative practice rather than discussing it only from the perspective of social production.Establishing the creative creation methodology on the perspective of creative writing studies can provide the novel interpretation model and research path to study the latest practice of fiction writing.It can not only bring benefits for us to re-examine the creative nature of literary activities but also help us accomplish the renovation of the literary concepts,critical discourses,and research methods.