《纽约时报》对中国青年报道的批评话语分析——基于费尔克拉夫话语分析模式

Analysis on Critical Discourse of New York Times’ Covering of Chinese youth: Based on Fairclough’s Three Dimensions Discourse Analysis Paradigm

以2018年《纽约时报》对中国青年的报道为研究对象,采用费尔克拉夫话语分析框架,进行批评话语分析。首先,从分类(概念功能)、情态(人际功能)和连接(语篇功能)三个方面考察新闻文本,得出该报对中国青年报道话语特征具有以下特征:设置负面议程,片面呈现中国青年形象;模糊话语的客观性,混淆事实和观点,误导受众;以一概全,污化中国科学家群体形象。其次,从互文性和框架设置来阐释语篇的生产以及语篇与话语实践的互动关系;最后,在社会实践层面,剖析话语产生的意识形态根源和社会文化背景,认为美国媒体的新闻观念和媒体特点是该报对负面主题新闻的必然选择;意识形态的固化思维是该报对中国青年报道话语建构的根本原因。

This paper examines the New York Times’ covering of Chinese youth in 2018,and the following points are achieved by adopting Fairclough’s three dimensions discourse analysis paradigm:text,discourse practice and social practice. At the text analysis level,the three metafunctions theory proposed by Halliday is used to analyze the text from ideational,interpersonal and textual metafunctions conducted from classification,modality and conjunction respectively,in order to explore the characteristics of news discourse and the idealogical biases. At the discourse practice level,intertextuality and frame are studied to interpret how the news were produced and the interaction between the text and the discourse practice. At the social practice level,the research,by reviewing ideological opposition,American news values and the features of its media,explains the social,cultural and historical reasons for discourse production and how the discourse gets involved in social constructing.