历史视域下的伊朗文化构建

A Study on the Construction of Iranian Culture from a Historical Perspective

本文从伊朗民族的形成、伊朗社会的内外构建和伊朗人心灵的外在表达与内在塑造三个方面阐述伊朗文化中的物质和精神在内外因冲突下的构建。具体来讲,就是以外来民族波浪式地进入伊朗为切入点,说明伊朗民族在民族交流融合中的形成;以伊朗建筑为切入点,阐述不同风格在建筑中的整合所象征的伊朗社会在公共领域和私人领域的构建;以外来制度的引进为切入点,认识伊朗本国各种制度的构建;以语言文字和宗教为切入点,阐述了波斯语受外部文化的影响和内在的坚持,及其所承担的伊朗人思想创造和表达的角色,而源于外部的琐罗亚斯德教和伊斯兰教什叶派最终被塑造成具有鲜明伊朗特色的主流意识形态,与波斯语共同构建了伊朗人的内在心灵。

This article expounds how certain components of Iranian culture,physical or non-physical,are built in the clashes between local and foreign elements by analyzing the evolution of the nation,construction of the society and the mindset of the people;and by examining the style and decoration of Iranian architecture,it also reveals how public and private realms are affected by conflicts between the local and alien elements in Iranian society;as to the language and religion,the Persian language,although influenced by foreign elements(the scripts),retains its inner persistence and plays a vital role in assisting the Iranian to create and express their ideas;and both the two religions of Iran-the Zoroastrianism and the Islamic Shiism which some basic contents of them had been originally derived from foreign beliefs,finally have turned out to be the main ideology with Iranian characteristics.