阐释规则的分层与分殊——关于人文学科方法论的几点思考

Levels and Differentiations of Interpretive Rules in Literary Studies

人文学科的阐释是一个复杂的系统,《阐释逻辑的正当意义》为文学阐释学的知识建构提出了一个有效方案,对阐释规则的层级及其差异的讨论,可视为对这一方案的进一步延伸。我们需要深入思考的不只是阐释的一般逻辑学问题,而且应切入阐释实践的具体场域,尤其是阐释团体所建构的阐释惯例和惯习的分析,因为它最直接最有效地制约着阐释行为。所谓大规则、中规则和小规则的矛盾抵牾,归根到底是一个学术共同体之间的协商性问题。任何阐释规则最终都要服从于阐释的说服力、可交流性与可接受性原则,协商性是解决所有阐释规则冲突的最有效路径,这一点应该是确凿无疑的。

The interpretation for all the humanities is a complex system."On the Legitimacy of Interpretive Logic"proposes an effective formula for the construction of knowledge in the literary hermeneutics, and its elaboration on the levels and differences of interpretative rules can be considered as a further extension of the formula. Therefore, what we should think deeply over is not only the general issues of logic in interpretation but also the approaches to the specific fields of interpretative practices, in particular, the hermeneutic conventions and habits, by which the interpretative acts are most directly and effectively conditioned. The conflicting relation among major, medium and minor rules is after all an issue for negotiation in an academic community. Any intepretive rules must be subordinated to the persuasive power, communicability and acceptability of interpretation. It can be concluded without doubt that negotiation is the most effective way to work through the conflicting rules of interpretation.