危机何以化解：基于危机公关的政府工具研究——以环境型邻避事件为例

How to Solve the Crisis: a Case Study of Environmental Not-in-my-back-yard Event Based on Government Tools for Public Relations in Crisis

环境型邻避事件在地方政府城市扩张的政策实践浪潮之下已成为公共危机的主要类型,而政府的危机公关能力则影响着政社关系走向。基于类型化提炼,危机公关的政府工具可分为信息类工具、管制类工具与经济类工具,将之进行比较可总结出各自的内涵与特征。研究发现,作为应对危机爆发的政府公关主要手段,信息类工具可贯穿于危机演化的全过程;管制类工具与信息类工具协同发力,可有效应对危机高潮;糅合经济类工具与信息类工具的优势功能,则利于危机修复。因此,需要从理论层面建构环境型邻避事件中的政府工具应用模型,而2014年浙江首例成功建设的中泰垃圾焚烧厂在邻避危机爆发后政府公关所呈现的“临床工具技操”可以成为该模型检验的经典案例。

Environmental not-in-my-back-yard event has become the main type of public crisis under the tide of urban expansion policy practice of local governments,while the government’s ability of crisis public relations affects the trend of the relationship between government and society.On the basis of typified extraction,government tools for public relations in crisis can be divided into information tools,regulatory tools,and economic tools,by comparing which we can conclude their connotations and characteristics.It is found from the study that information tools,as a main means of government's public relations coping with the outbreak of crisis,can run through the whole process of crisis evolution;regulatory tools and information tools work together to effectively cope with the climax of the crisis;combining the advanced functions of economic tools and information tools is conducive to crisis-solving.Therefore,it is necessary to construct the application model of government tools in environmental not-in-my-back-yard event from the theoretical level.“Technical operations of clinical tools”presented by government’s public relations after the outbreak of the not-in-my-back-yard crisis of Zhongtai waste incineration plant built successfully first in Zhejiang Province in 2014 can be a classic case of this model test.