猪粪对茄子和土壤重金属积累的影响

Effect of swine manure on the heavy metal accumulation in eggplant and soil

为明确猪粪源有机肥在茄子种植中的资源化利用及重金属积累,本研究采用冷棚茄子为研究对象,分析不同猪粪施用量对茄子产量、品质及土壤养分和重金属积累的影响,为循环农业农场制定有机肥安全应用技术体系提供科学决策依据。结果表明:与对照(CK1、CK2)相比,施用猪粪后茄子产量有明显增加,以猪粪56.08 t/hm^2为底肥时的处理产量最高;茄子肉中可溶性糖含量显著增加;茄子可食部分重金属含量均未超过我国无公害蔬菜重金属含量指标规定,但随着猪粪用量的增加,茄子果肉中的Pb和Hg含量有增加的趋势,茄子皮中的Cu、Zn、As和Cd含量增加;土壤中的重金属含量与种植前相比,Cu、Pb和Cd有降低的趋势,降幅最大的为Cd,而Zn、As、Cr含量则表现为增加的趋势,其中Cr的增幅为4.04%~11.97%,各处理土壤重金属含量均未超出一级土壤标准规定的重金属含量值。

In order to explore the heavy metal accumulation and resources utilization of using the swine manure in eggplant growth and soil in the mixed farm,a field experiment was carried out to study the effect of the swine manure on the yield and quality of eggplant and heavy metal accumulation in eggplant and soil.The results would provide a scientific basis for the technology system of applying swine manure in the mixed farm.The results showed the yields of T1-T4 were higher than that of CK1 and CK2.The highest yield was the treatment of application with 56.08 t/hm^2 of the swine manure.After harvest,the soluble sugar contents of T1-T4 increased significantly than that of CK1 and CK2.The heavy metal in the edible part of eggplant was lower than the value of the National Standards.The content of Pb and Hg in the edible part of eggplant increased with the increas of swine manure,while the content of Cu,Zn,As,Cd and Hg increased in the eggplant skin.Compared with the heavy metal in soil before planting,the content of Cu,Pb and Cd decreased,while the content of Zn,As and Cr increased,and the content of Cr increased by 4.04%-11.97%compared with that of before planting.The contents of all the heavy metals were within the range of the National Standards of the soil.