贸易开放、环境规制与绿色技术进步——基于中国省际数据的空间计量分析

Trade Openness,Environmental Regulation and Green Technology Progress——Spatial Econometric Analysis Based on Provincial Data in China

本文在偏向性技术进步分析框架下纳入质量升级理论,分析发现贸易开放会抑制绿色技术进步,而环境规制的提升有助于削弱这一抑制效应。为了验证这一理论命题,采用考虑环境非期望产出的方向性距离函数和固定参比Malmquist模型测算1995—2016年中国省域绿色技术进步指数,构建空间邻接、地理距离和地理经济距离三种空间权重矩阵,基于空间杜宾模型进行了实证分析,理论命题均得到验证:人力资本水平有利于促进绿色技术进步;环境规制与绿色技术进步呈U型关系,通过计算拐点表明中国当前阶段环境规制有利于绿色技术进步;贸易开放不利于绿色技术进步,但提升环境规制有助于降低贸易开放对绿色技术进步的抑制效应。本文的学术价值体现在为中国实施绿色技术创新战略提供决策参考。

This paper incorporated the theory of quality upgrading into the framework of directed technical change analysis,and found that trade openness would inhibit the green technology progress,while the improvement of environmental regulations would help to weaken this inhibiting effect.To verify this theoretical proposition,the directional distance function(DDF)and fixed reference Malmquist model were used to calculate the green technology progress index of China's provinces from 1995 to 2016.The spatial weight matrix of geographic distance and economic distance was constructed,and the empirical analysis was carried out based on spatial Durbin model.The theoretical propositions have been verified:the level of human capital promotes the development of green technology progress;the relationship between environmental regulations and green technology progress is U-shaped;the calculation of inflection point shows that the environmental regulations in current China are conducive to the green technology progress;trade openness is not conducive to the progress of green technology,but it helps to reduce the inhibitory effect of trade openness on green technology progress to improve environmental regulations.