蓟马类害虫在不同品种芒果上的种群动态及寄主选择性

Population Dynamics of Thrips Infesting Variety of Mango Cultivars

【目的】蓟马是芒果的主要害虫,明确不同品种芒果上蓟马的种群发生动态和消长规律,探讨蓟马类害虫对不同芒果品种的选择性,为有效防控芒果蓟马奠定基础。【方法】采用目测和抖网法对4种芒果品种上的蓟马发生情况进行连续一年的田间种群动态调查,并采用叶蝶法进行蓟马对不同芒果品种的室内选择性研究。【结果】在芒果园调查到的蓟马种类主要有花蓟马Frankliniella intonsa Trybom、黄胸蓟马Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan和茶黄蓟马Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood。芒果蓟马种群发生数量先逐渐上升后下降,发生高峰期集中在4月中旬到6月下旬。芒果园3种主要蓟马均在凯特芒果上发生种群数量较大,季芒品种上发生量最低。室内选择性试验也表明,蓟马喜食凯特芒果叶片,而对季芒芒果叶片的选择性较低。【结论】芒果蓟马发生高峰期在4月中旬到6月下旬,且在凯特芒果上发生严重,在季芒上发生量轻,说明芒果品种影响芒果蓟马发生,不同品种芒果的抗虫性水平存在差异。研究结果为芒果品种对蓟马类害虫的抗性评价以及芒果蓟马的预测预报和综合防治提供依据。

【Objective】Population dynamics and host selection of thrips,the main pest infesting mango trees,were studied for effective control measures.【Method】The population change and feeding preference of Frankliniella intonsa Trybom,Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan,and Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood on 4 varieties of mango cultivars,were monitored by visual observations and a shaking net method in orchards and leaf butterfly method was used to study the selection of different mango varieties by thrips in laboratory.【Result】During a year,the number of thrips in the mango orchards increased gradually to reach a peak in mid-April to late June followed by a decline.Among the mango cultivars,the pest population was the highest on Kaite and lowest on Jimang.The same trend exhibited in the laboratory as well.【Conclusion】The population patterns indicated that thrips were attracted to mangoes depending upon the variety of the fruit trees.