重建领土观:东耶路撒冷的领土/土地争夺——批判地缘政治视角下的巴以冲突

Reconstructing the Concept on Territory: Territorial/Land Disputes in East Jerusalem——the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict from a Critical Geopolitical Perspective

“巴以冲突”作为国际政治研究领域经久不衰的话题,“领土”这一概念在其中既被认为是引发冲突的来源,也被认为是解决冲突的方案。但本文认为传统地缘政治研究所定义的领土观存在“国家中心主义”与“领土中心主义”的局限,不仅阻碍了我们对于巴以冲突的立体化认知,而且也不利于在领土划分之外寻求新的出路。建基于此,本文将围绕作为实践过程的新领土观,提出重新理解巴以冲突的“领土/土地”框架,依批判地缘政治研究的主张,在多空间层次上考察族群、家族之间以及家族内部等多主体的日常权力实践,将领土冲突理解为秩序之争而非简单的领土争夺。本文希望通过对耶路撒冷土地争夺的民族志材料的解读,从而最终形成对于巴以之间“何故为敌”和“与谁为敌”等命题的全新理解。

The“Israeli-Palestinian conflict”is an enduring hot topic in international politics,in which the concept of“territory”is considered as both the origin of conflict and a solution to the conflict.This paper argues that the existing traditional“national-centrism”and“territorialism”in territorial conception not only impede our three-dimensional cognition of the conflict between Israel and Palestine,but also deny a way out beyond the territorial division.Therefore,this paper proposes a“territory/land”framework for re-understanding the conflict between Israel and Palestine,focusing on the new territorial concept in the process of practice;advocates exploring the daily power practice among multi-subjects between ethnic groups and clans,and within families on a multi-spatial level;and understands the territorial conflicts as a dispute over order rather than simply a dispute over the territory.This author hopes to provide a new understanding to such issues as“why to be enemies”and“whom to be enemy with”between Israel and Palestine through interpreting the ethnographic materials of Jerusalem’s land scrambles.