二氧化碳电化学还原反应器的研究进展

Research progress in CO2 electroreduction reactor

电化学还原二氧化碳(CO2)可实现CO2的资源化转化,是实现自然界“碳循环”、缓解因CO2过度排放所引起诸多环境问题的关键技术。本文综述了CO2电还原反应器的研究发展现状,并依据电解质的不同对比分析了各反应器的结构、传质特征及与之匹配阴极的CO2转化活性与选择性。研究指出膜电极构型反应器是当前CO2电还原反应器发展的主要方向,其电解质材料的优选不仅决定于其离子选择性与电导率,还需考虑电催化材料的性质与膜电极效率。最后,提出膜电极构型反应器内的过程强化技术与自支撑结构的阴极设计将成为CO2还原研究发展的新方向。

CO2 electro-catalytic reduction reaction can realize carbon resources conversion,which is the key to achieve global“carbon cycle”and to alleviate many environment problems originated from excessive CO2 emissions.On this account,research progress in the CO2 electro-reduction reactors is reviewed in this paper.the structure,mass transfer characteristics and CO2 conversion activity and selectivity of the reactor and its matching cathode are compared and analyzed according to the different electrolytes.It is suggested that the major progress of the reactor locates in the membrane electrode assembly type(MEA-type)electrolytic cell.The optimization of electrolyte materials depends not only on its ion selectivity and conductivity,but also on the properties of electrocatalytic materials and membrane electrode efficiency.Finally,process intensification technology in the MEA-type electrolytic cell as well as the matched self-supporting cathode are regarded as the potential research direction in the CO2 electro-reduction reactors.